Median Income
$85,893
14% higher than US avg
Home Value
$328,200
16% higher than US avg
Violent Crime
595/100K
57% higher than US avg
Bachelor's+
43.1%
28% higher than US avg
Median Rent
$1,292
11% higher than US avg
Obesity Rate
31.2%
3% lower than US avg
Unemployment
2.0%
44% lower than US avg
Poverty Rate
3.7%
70% lower than US avg
How Fritz Creek Compares to the U.S. Average (100% = U.S. avg)
People
Population2,432
Median Age45.8 yrs
Density45/mi²
Male / Female51% / 49%
Largest GroupWhite 81%
Veterans6.4%
Economy
A+
Median Income$85,893
Per Capita$46,374
Unemployment2.0%
Poverty3.7%
County GDP$3,590M
Commute20 min
Housing
A+
Home Value$328,200
Rent$1,292
Ownership86.7%
Zillow$505,601
Housing Units1,320
Rent Burden22.5%
Crime
F
Violent595/100K
Property4,481/100K
Health
Obesity31.2%
Uninsured9.6%
Smoking15.4%
Depression21.1%
Heart Disease5.6%
Climate
Avg Temp38°F (3°C)
AQI21 (Good)
Rain22.0 in/yr
Sunny Days269/yr
Elevation1,255 ft (383 m)
Education
A
Bachelor's+43.1%
High School+95.5%
Graduate+16.5%
School Score6.01
Community
2024 VoteR 56% / D 44%
Commute20 min
Broadband85.9%
EV Stations3
Libraries11
Is Fritz Creek a Good Place to Live?
Based on current data, Fritz Creek receives an overall livability score of 3.7 out of 5.0, earning a grade of B+. Key strengths include above-average household incomes, low unemployment, a highly educated population, abundant sunshine. Areas to be aware of include elevated crime rates. Fritz Creek offers a solid quality of life with a good balance of affordability, safety, and opportunity.
Economy & Jobs
The median household income in Fritz Creek is $85,893, 14% above the national average of $75,149. Residents generally enjoy above-average earning potential. The job market is very strong with unemployment at just 2.0%. Only 3.7% of residents live below the poverty line, well below the national rate of 12.4%. Workers commute an average of 20 minutes.
Cost of Living & Housing
The median home value in Fritz Creek is $328,200, 16% above the national median. Renters pay a median of $1,292 per month. A price-to-income ratio of 3.8x indicates a reasonably affordable housing market.
Safety & Crime
The violent crime rate of 595 per 100,000 is above the national average of 380 / something for prospective residents to consider. Property crime occurs at a rate of 4,481 per 100,000, 129% above the national average.
Education
Educational attainment is solid, with 43.1% holding a bachelor's degree or higher, near the national average. 95.5% have completed high school. Area schools have an average test score of 6/10.
Climate & Weather
Fritz Creek has a cool climate with an average annual temperature of 38°F. Winters average 23°F in January while summers reach 55°F in July. With 269 sunny days per year, residents enjoy well above the national average of sunshine. Annual precipitation totals 22.0 inches, including 83.7 inches of snow. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 21.
Fritz Creek has a population of 2,432 with a density of 45 people per square mile, spread across 54.0 square miles. The median age is 45.8 years, 18% older than the national median of 38.9. The gender split is 49% female and 51% male. The city is predominantly White (80.9%), with 5.2% Hispanic. English is the primary language spoken at home by 91.7% of residents, while 8.3% speak Spanish. 6.4% of the population are veterans. 15.4% of residents have a disability. 83.7% have health insurance coverage.
Population
45.8yrs
Median Age
18% above US avg
Race & Ethnicity
Fritz Creek vs U.S. Average
Language Spoken at Home
English Only
91.7%
17% above US avg
Spanish
8.3%
38% below US avg
Social Characteristics
Fritz Creek vs U.S. Average
The median household income in Fritz Creek is $85,893, which is 14% above the national average of $75,149. Per capita income is $46,374 (above the $39,052 national figure). The average weekly wage is $1,200, 16% lower than the U.S. average. The unemployment rate is 2.0% (below the 3.6% US average). 3.7% of residents live below the poverty line, lower than the national rate of 12.4%. The area has 2,368 business establishments, including 314 restaurants. The cost of living index is 102.4, roughly in line with the national average. Workers commute an average of 20 minutes (shorter than the 28-minute US average). 7.5% of workers work from home (below the 15.2% national rate).
Income: Fritz Creek vs U.S.
Income
| Median HH Income | $85,893 |
| 14% above US avg |
| Per Capita Income | $46,374 |
| Avg Weekly Wage | $1,200 |
| IRS Avg AGI | $85,064 |
| Gini Index | 0.454 (0=equal, 1=unequal) |
Employment & Poverty
| Unemployment | 2.0% |
| 44% below US avg |
| Poverty Rate | 3.7% |
| 70% below US avg |
| Establishments (County) | 2,368 |
| County GDP | $3,590M |
Business (County)
| Restaurants | 314 |
| Healthcare | 271 |
| Retail | 270 |
| Manufacturing | 71 |
Tax & Cost of Living
| Property Tax (IRS) | $5,008 |
| 43% above US avg |
| Cost of Living | 102.40 (100=avg) |
| Effective Tax Rate | 1.53% |
Commute & Transportation
| Commute Time | 20.1 min |
| Drive Alone | 75.8% |
| Public Transit | 0.0% |
| Work from Home | 7.5% |
The median home value in Fritz Creek is $328,200, 16% above the national median of $281,900. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $505,601, higher than the Census estimate. Monthly rent averages $1,292 (11% above the national average of $1,163). Fair market rent ranges from $1,194 for a one-bedroom to $1,467 for a two-bedroom apartment. 86.7% of housing units are owner-occupied (above the 65.4% national rate). There are 1,320 total housing units in the city. The median year a home was built is 1992. The average annual property tax is $5,008 (higher than the $3,500 national average). 22.5% of renters spend 30% or more of their income on housing. The home price-to-income ratio is 3.8x.
Home Values
| Census Median | $328,200 |
| 16% above US avg |
| Zillow ZHVI | $505,601 |
Real Estate Market (Redfin)
Rental Costs
| Census Median Rent | $1,292 |
| 11% above US avg |
| Rent Burden | 22.5% |
HUD Fair Market Rent
| Studio | $1,061 |
| 1 Bedroom | $1,194 |
| 2 Bedrooms | $1,467 |
| 3 Bedrooms | $1,941 |
| 4 Bedrooms | $2,304 |
Ownership & Property
| Homeownership | 86.7% |
| Owner-Occupied | 86.7% |
| Renter-Occupied | 13.3% |
| Housing Units | 1,320 |
| Median Year Built | 1992 |
Property Tax
| Avg Tax (IRS) | $5,008 |
| 43% above US avg |
| Effective Rate | 1.53% |
In Fritz Creek, 31.2% of adults are obese, below the national rate of 32.1%. 7.5% have diabetes (below the 10.5% national rate). Heart disease affects 5.6% of residents. 29.8% have high blood pressure. 15.4% are current smokers. 19.4% report binge drinking. 19.2% are physically inactive, below the national average. 21.1% report depression. 15.9% experience frequent mental distress. 9.6% of residents lack health insurance. The primary care physician ratio is 1:1,245. The dentist ratio is 1:1,349. 72.3% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The food environment index is 7.7 out of 10.
Health Metrics: Fritz Creek vs U.S. Average (%)
Chronic Conditions
| Obesity | 31.2% |
| 3% below US avg |
| Diabetes | 7.5% |
| Heart Disease | 5.6% |
| High Blood Pressure | 29.8% |
| Asthma | 10.4% |
| COPD | 5.9% |
| Cancer | 7.5% |
| Stroke | 2.9% |
Behaviors & Mental Health
| Smoking | 15.4% |
| 10% above US avg |
| Binge Drinking | 19.4% |
| Physical Inactivity | 19.2% |
| Depression | 21.1% |
| Mental Distress | 15.9% |
| Physical Distress | 12.7% |
| Short Sleep | 30.7% |
Healthcare Access
| Insurance Rate | 83.7% |
| Uninsured | 9.6% |
| 12% above US avg |
| Primary Care | 1:1,245 |
| Dentists | 1:1,349 |
| Mental Health | 1:245 |
| Checkup Rate | 62.5% |
| Dental Visits | 57.2% |
| Premature Death | 8,874/100K |
Food & Exercise
| Food Environment | 7.7/10 |
| Exercise Access | 72.3% |
| Healthcare Facilities | 271 |
Fritz Creek has a violent crime rate of 595 per 100,000 residents, 57% above the national average of 380. Property crime stands at 4,481 per 100,000, 129% above the U.S. average. The county recorded 13 fatal traffic crashes. The area has experienced 91 federally declared disasters. Overall, Fritz Creek receives a safety grade of F.
Crime Rates: Fritz Creek vs U.S. Average (per 100,000)
Violent Crime
| Total Violent | 595.0/100K |
| 57% above US avg |
| |
Property Crime
| Total Property | 4,481.2/100K |
| 129% above US avg |
Traffic Safety
| Fatal Crashes (County/yr) | 13 |
| Avg Accident Severity | 0.0 / 4.0 |
| FEMA Disasters | 91 |
Safety Score
| Safety Grade | F |
| Safety Score | 1.0 / 5.0 |
Fritz Creek has a cool climate with an average annual temperature of 38°F (3°C). Winters average 23°F in January while summers reach 55°F in July. The area gets 269 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 22.0 inches (drier than the 38-inch national average). The area receives 83.7 inches of snow annually, making winter weather a significant factor for residents. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 21 / among the cleanest air in the country. The city sits at an elevation of 1,255 feet.
Temperature
23°F Jan (-5°C)
55°F Jul (13°C)
| Annual Average | 38.2°F |
| 29% below US avg |
| January Average | 23°F (-5°C) |
| July Average | 55°F (13°C) |
| Sunny Days | 269 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 1,255 ft (383 m) |
| Area | 54.0 sq mi (139.7 km²) |
| Population Density | 45/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 59.7469°N, 151.2886°W |
| Timezone | America/Anchorage |
| County | Kenai Peninsula Borough County |
| Nearest Airport | Ted Stevens Anchorage International (ANC) 108 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall
22.0"
42% below US avg
Wettest Month (Sep)
4.33"
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 21.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Moderate |
| Risk Score | 93.0 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 47.1 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 6.5 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado |
Very Low |
| Earthquake |
Relatively High |
| Wildfire |
Relatively Moderate |
| Flood |
Relatively Low |
| Hail |
Very Low |
| Strong Wind |
No Rating |
| Winter Weather |
Relatively High |
| Lightning |
Very Low |
| Ice Storm |
Very Low |
| Drought |
Very Low |
| Cold Wave |
Very Low |
| Landslide |
Relatively Moderate |
| Coastal Flood |
Very Low |
| Tsunami |
Relatively Moderate |
| Volcano |
Relatively Low |
| Avalanche |
Very High |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
9,830 earthquakes (M2.5+) within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest: M7.1. Most recent: M2.5 on Aug 30, 2025.
| Jan 24, 2016 |
47 km ESE of Pedro Bay, Alaska |
M7.1 |
116 km |
| Jul 29, 2015 |
52 km ENE of Pedro Bay, Alaska |
M6.4 |
108 km |
| Jul 9, 1998 |
73 km WNW of Ninilchik, Alaska |
M6.1 |
110 km |
| Nov 20, 1993 |
66 km ENE of Pedro Bay, Alaska |
M5.9 |
102 km |
| Jan 24, 2009 |
Southern Alaska |
M5.9 |
97 km |
| May 19, 2000 |
63 km WSW of Nanwalek, Alaska |
M5.8 |
118 km |
| May 10, 2014 |
23 km WNW of Happy Valley, Alaska |
M5.8 |
55 km |
| May 27, 2019 |
61 km SSW of Nanwalek, Alaska |
M5.8 |
116 km |
| May 5, 1999 |
30 km ESE of Port Graham, Alaska |
M5.7 |
57 km |
| Feb 12, 1995 |
67 km SE of Pedro Bay, Alaska |
M5.6 |
109 km |
| Mar 2, 2017 |
48 km WNW of Nanwalek, Alaska |
M5.6 |
79 km |
| Aug 13, 1990 |
13 km NW of Happy Valley, Alaska |
M5.5 |
47 km |
| May 12, 1992 |
37 km ESE of Pedro Bay, Alaska |
M5.5 |
122 km |
| Feb 10, 2004 |
6 km WNW of Nanwalek, Alaska |
M5.5 |
59 km |
| Jan 25, 2001 |
39 km WNW of Ninilchik, Alaska |
M5.5 |
74 km |
| May 19, 2005 |
54 km W of Happy Valley, Alaska |
M5.4 |
84 km |
| Apr 25, 1994 |
19 km NE of Nikiski, Alaska |
M5.4 |
120 km |
| Mar 19, 2023 |
19 km SSW of Anchor Point, Alaska |
M5.4 |
38 km |
| Oct 17, 1996 |
70 km WNW of Happy Valley, Alaska |
M5.4 |
101 km |
| Mar 9, 1990 |
44 km NW of Ninilchik, Alaska |
M5.3 |
83 km |
Source: USGS (M2.5+, 1990–2025)
Tsunami History
4 tsunamis recorded within 500 km.
Highest wave on record: 60.0 m (197 ft).
| Year |
Location |
Cause |
Max Wave |
Deaths |
Distance |
| 1967 |
GREWINGK, AK |
Meteorological |
60.0 m |
— |
17 km |
| 2024 |
PEDERSEN LAGOON, AK |
Meteorological |
17.0 m |
— |
84 km |
| 1883 |
COOK INLET, AK |
Explosion |
9.1 m |
8 |
125 km |
| 2022 |
RESURRECTION BAY, AK |
Meteorological |
0.1 m |
— |
110 km |
Source: NOAA/NCEI Historical Tsunami Database. Sorted by wave height.
Nearby Volcanoes
3 volcanoes within 200 km.
Closest: Iliamna (105 km).
| Name |
Type |
Elevation |
Last Eruption |
Distance |
| Iliamna |
Stratovolcano |
3,053 m (10,016 ft) |
1876 |
105 km |
| Augustine |
Lava dome(s) |
1,252 m (4,108 ft) |
2006 |
128 km |
| Spurr |
Stratovolcano |
3,374 m (11,070 ft) |
1992 |
180 km |
Source: Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program (GVP). Sorted by distance.
Wildfire History
12 wildfires (100+ acres) within 100 km.
Largest: FUNNY RIVER (193,798 ac, 2014).
| Year |
Name |
Acres |
Distance |
| 2014 |
FUNNY RIVER |
193,798 |
68 km |
| 2007 |
CARIBOU HILLS |
46,686 |
31 km |
| 2005 |
FOX CREEK WFU |
25,577 |
48 km |
| 2009 |
SHANTA CREEK |
14,474 |
75 km |
| 2005 |
KING COUNTY CREEK |
10,124 |
86 km |
| 2015 |
CARD STREET |
7,366 |
93 km |
| 2005 |
TRACY AVE |
5,416 |
7 km |
| 2004 |
GLACIER CREEK |
5,230 |
57 km |
| 1994 |
WINDY POINT |
2,689 |
49 km |
| 1987 |
SKILAK 2 |
2,365 |
96 km |
| 2007 |
SWAN LAKE |
1,986 |
85 km |
| 2005 |
IRISH CHANNEL |
1,067 |
96 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN (100+ acres)
Monthly Weather
| Month |
Avg Temperature |
Precipitation |
Summary |
| January |
23°F (-5°C) |
3.0 in |
|
| February |
22°F (-5°C) |
2.5 in |
|
| March |
26°F (-3°C) |
2.3 in |
|
| April |
33°F (1°C) |
1.8 in |
|
| May |
42°F (6°C) |
1.5 in |
Driest |
| June |
49°F (10°C) |
1.5 in |
|
| July |
55°F (13°C) |
1.9 in |
Warmest |
| August |
52°F (11°C) |
3.0 in |
|
| September |
46°F (8°C) |
4.3 in |
Wettest |
| October |
35°F (2°C) |
3.9 in |
|
| November |
26°F (-3°C) |
3.2 in |
|
| December |
22°F (-6°C) |
3.5 in |
Coldest |
Fritz Creek has a seasonal temperature swing of 33°F / from 22°F in December to 55°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 32.3 inches, with September being the wettest month (4.3") and May the driest (1.5").
Average costs for common services in Fritz Creek. Prices are estimated based on regional cost of living data and may vary by provider.
Healthcare
| Doctor Visit (Primary Care) |
$256 ($154–$410) |
| Specialist Visit |
$358 ($205–$563) |
| Urgent Care Visit |
$205 ($102–$358) |
| Emergency Room Visit |
$2,253 ($819–$5,120) |
| Dental Cleaning |
$133 ($77–$205) |
| Dental Filling |
$256 ($154–$410) |
View all 40 services
Auto Repair
| Oil Change (Conventional) |
$46 ($26–$77) |
| Oil Change (Synthetic) |
$77 ($51–$123) |
| Brake Pad Replacement |
$307 ($154–$512) |
| Tire Rotation |
$41 ($20–$77) |
| New Tires (Set of 4) |
$614 ($410–$1,024) |
| Battery Replacement |
$205 ($102–$358) |
View all 18 services
Home Services
| Plumber (Per Hour) |
$102 ($61–$154) |
| Electrician (Per Hour) |
$92 ($51–$143) |
| HVAC Repair |
$410 ($154–$819) |
| HVAC System Install |
$7,168 ($4,096–$12,288) |
| Roof Repair |
$1,024 ($410–$2,048) |
| Roof Replacement |
$9,216 ($5,632–$15,360) |
View all 25 services
Legal
| Divorce (Uncontested) |
$1,536 ($512–$3,584) |
| Divorce (Contested) |
$15,360 ($5,120–$30,720) |
| DUI Defense |
$5,120 ($2,048–$10,240) |
| Bankruptcy (Chapter 7) |
$1,536 ($819–$3,072) |
| Will Preparation |
$512 ($205–$1,024) |
| Trust Preparation |
$2,560 ($1,024–$5,120) |
View all 12 services
Personal Care
| Men's Haircut |
$26 ($15–$46) |
| Women's Haircut |
$56 ($31–$102) |
| Hair Coloring (Full) |
$154 ($77–$256) |
| Manicure |
$26 ($15–$46) |
| Pedicure |
$41 ($26–$67) |
| Massage (1 Hour) |
$82 ($51–$133) |
View all 12 services
Food & Grocery
| Gallon of Milk (per gallon) |
$4.20 ($3.07–$5.63) |
| Dozen Eggs (per dozen) |
$3.58 ($2.56–$5.12) |
| Loaf of Bread |
$3.89 ($2.56–$5.63) |
| Chicken Breast (per lb) |
$4.61 ($3.07–$6.66) |
| Ground Beef (per lb) |
$5.63 ($4.10–$7.68) |
| Rice (per lb) |
$1.02 ($0.61–$1.84) |
View all 20 services
Utilities
| Electricity (Monthly) |
$143 ($82–$256) |
| Natural Gas (Monthly) |
$72 ($31–$154) |
| Water/Sewer (Monthly) |
$72 ($41–$123) |
| Internet (Monthly) |
$72 ($41–$102) |
| Cell Phone Plan (Monthly) |
$67 ($31–$102) |
| Cable TV (Monthly) |
$87 ($51–$154) |
View all 8 services
Transportation
| Monthly Parking (Downtown) |
$205 ($77–$512) |
| Car Insurance (Annual) |
$2,048 ($1,229–$3,584) |
| Bus Pass (Monthly) |
$72 ($31–$133) |
| Taxi/Uber (5-Mile Ride) |
$15 ($8.19–$26) |
| Car Registration (Annual) |
$102 ($31–$256) |
| Driver's License Renewal |
$31 ($15–$77) |
View all 8 services
Education & Childcare
| Daycare (Infant, Monthly) |
$1,229 ($614–$2,560) |
| Daycare (Toddler, Monthly) |
$1,024 ($512–$2,048) |
| After-School Care (Monthly) |
$410 ($205–$717) |
| Tutoring (Per Hour) |
$51 ($26–$102) |
| SAT/ACT Prep Course |
$1,024 ($410–$2,560) |
| Private School (K-12, Annual) |
$12,800 ($5,120–$30,720) |
View all 8 services
Pets
| Vet Visit (Routine Checkup) |
$61 ($31–$102) |
| Dog Vaccination (Annual) |
$102 ($51–$205) |
| Dog Grooming |
$61 ($31–$102) |
| Pet Boarding (Per Night) |
$41 ($20–$77) |
| Dog Spay/Neuter |
$307 ($154–$512) |
| Cat Spay/Neuter |
$205 ($102–$410) |
View all 9 services
Childcare
| Center-Based (monthly) |
| Infant | $671 |
| Toddler | $941 |
| Preschool | $840 |
| Family Childcare (monthly) |
| Infant | $1,089 |
| Toddler | $1,056 |
| Preschool | $973 |
Source: DOL Women's Bureau (2022)
Frequently Asked Questions About Fritz Creek
What is the population of Fritz Creek?
Fritz Creek has a population of 2,432 residents and is located in Alaska. The population density is 45 people per square mile, spread across 54.0 square miles. The median age of residents is 45.8 years, which is older than the national median of 38.9 years. The population is 49% female and 51% male.
Is Fritz Creek expensive to live in?
Fritz Creek has a cost of living roughly in line with the national average, with an index of 102.4 (baseline: 100). The median household income is $85,893, 14% above the national average of $75,149. The median home value is $328,200 (16% above the U.S. median). Renters pay a median of $1,292 per month, above the national average of $1,163. The home price-to-income ratio is 3.8x, indicating housing is reasonably affordable relative to local income levels.
Is Fritz Creek safe?
The violent crime rate in Fritz Creek is 595 per 100,000 residents, above the national average of 380. Prospective residents should research specific neighborhoods, as crime rates can vary significantly within the city. Property crime occurs at a rate of 4,481 per 100,000 (above the national average). Overall, Fritz Creek receives a safety grade of F based on combined crime data.
What is the weather like in Fritz Creek?
Fritz Creek has a cool climate with an average annual temperature of 38°F (3°C). Winter temperatures average 23°F in January, while summers reach an average of 55°F in July. The area receives 269 sunny days per year, well above the national average of 205. Annual rainfall totals 22.0 inches, with 83.7 inches of snow. Air quality is rated Good with a median Air Quality Index (AQI) of 21.
How is the job market in Fritz Creek?
The job market in Fritz Creek is very strong, with unemployment at just 2.0% / well below the national rate of 3.6%. The average weekly wage is $1,200. There are 2,368 business establishments in the area, including 314 restaurants and food service locations. The average commute time is 20 minutes, and 7.5% of workers work from home.
How much does housing cost in Fritz Creek?
The median home value in Fritz Creek is $328,200. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $505,601. For renters, the median monthly rent is $1,292. Fair market rent is $1,194 for a 1-bedroom and $1,467 for a 2-bedroom apartment. The homeownership rate is 86.7%. The average annual property tax is $5,008.
How are the schools in Fritz Creek?
Schools in Fritz Creek score 6 out of 10 on standardized testing, near the national average. 43.1% of adults in Fritz Creek hold a bachelor's degree or higher, above the national average of 33.7%. 95.5% have completed high school. 16.5% hold a graduate or professional degree.
How healthy is Fritz Creek?
The obesity rate in Fritz Creek is 31.2% (below the national rate of 32.1%). 15.4% of adults are smokers. 19.2% are physically inactive. 21.1% of residents report depression. 9.6% lack health insurance. 72.3% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The primary care physician ratio is 1:1,245.
What is transportation like in Fritz Creek?
The average commute in Fritz Creek is 20 minutes, shorter than the national average of 28 minutes. 75.8% of workers drive alone to work, and 7.5% work from home.
What are the demographics of Fritz Creek?
The racial and ethnic makeup of Fritz Creek is 80.9% White, 5.2% Hispanic or Latino. 91.7% of residents speak only English at home, while 8.3% speak Spanish. 6.4% of the population are military veterans. 15.4% of residents have a disability. 83.7% have health insurance coverage.