Home Value
$155,000
45% lower than US avg
Violent Crime
652/100K
72% higher than US avg
Bachelor's+
22.4%
34% lower than US avg
Obesity Rate
39.8%
24% higher than US avg
Unemployment
0.0%
100% lower than US avg
Poverty Rate
29.0%
134% higher than US avg
How Stanley Compares to the U.S. Average (100% = U.S. avg)
People
Population139
Median Age35.8 yrs
Density64/mi²
Male / Female43% / 57%
Largest GroupWhite 94%
Veterans80.0%
Economy
Per Capita$36,042
Unemployment0.0%
Poverty29.0%
County GDP$1,249M
Commute31 min
Housing
Home Value$155,000
Ownership80.0%
Zillow$111,104
Housing Units58
Rent Burden33.0%
Crime
F
Violent652/100K
Property5,651/100K
Health
Obesity39.8%
Uninsured8.2%
Smoking19.4%
Depression30.5%
Heart Disease6.6%
Climate
Avg Temp66°F (19°C)
AQI42 (Good)
Rain53.4 in/yr
Sunny Days306/yr
Elevation284 ft (87 m)
Education
C+
Bachelor's+22.4%
High School+99.0%
Graduate+2.6%
School Score4.67
Community
2024 VoteR 85% / D 15%
Commute31 min
Broadband45.0%
EV Stations1
Libraries5
Is Stanley a Good Place to Live?
Based on current data, Stanley receives an overall livability score of 1.9 out of 5.0, earning a grade of D. Key strengths include low unemployment, affordable housing, abundant sunshine. Areas to be aware of include elevated crime rates, an elevated poverty rate, high obesity rates. Stanley faces significant challenges across several quality-of-life categories.
Economy & Jobs
The job market is very strong with unemployment at just 0.0%. The poverty rate of 29.0% exceeds the national average of 12.4%, indicating economic hardship for a significant portion of the population. Workers commute an average of 31 minutes.
Cost of Living & Housing
The median home value in Stanley is $155,000, 45% below the national median / offering relatively affordable homeownership.
Safety & Crime
With 652 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, public safety is a notable concern / this is significantly above the national average of 380. Property crime occurs at a rate of 5,651 per 100,000, 188% above the national average.
Education
22.4% of residents hold a bachelor's degree, below the national average of 33.7%. 99.0% have completed high school. Area schools have an average test score of 4.7/10.
Climate & Weather
Stanley enjoys a moderate climate with an average annual temperature of 66°F. Winters average 47°F in January while summers reach 83°F in July. With 306 sunny days per year, residents enjoy well above the national average of sunshine. Annual precipitation totals 53.4 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 42.
Stanley has a population of 139 with a density of 64 people per square mile, spread across 0.9 square miles. The median age is 35.8 years, 8% younger than the national median of 38.9. The gender split is 56.8% female and 43.2% male. The city is predominantly White (93.5%), with 6.5% Hispanic. English is the primary language spoken at home by 100% of residents. 80.0% of the population are veterans, above the national rate of 6.0%. 29.1% of residents have a disability (above the 13.0% national average). 86.4% have health insurance coverage.
Population
35.8yrs
Median Age
8% below US avg
Language Spoken at Home
English Only
100.0%
27% above US avg
Spanish
0.0%
100% below US avg
Per capita income is $36,042. The average weekly wage is $870, 39% lower than the U.S. average. The unemployment rate is 0.0% (below the 3.6% US average). 29.0% of residents live below the poverty line, higher than the national rate of 12.4%. The area has 588 business establishments, including 25 restaurants. The cost of living index is 88.2, below the national baseline of 100 / offering relatively affordable living. Workers commute an average of 31 minutes. 0.0% of workers work from home (below the 15.2% national rate).
Income
| |
| Per Capita Income | $36,042 |
| Avg Weekly Wage | $870 |
| IRS Avg AGI | $67,394 |
| Gini Index | 0.488 (0=equal, 1=unequal) |
Employment & Poverty
| Unemployment | 0.0% |
| 100% below US avg |
| Poverty Rate | 29.0% |
| 134% above US avg |
| Establishments (County) | 588 |
| County GDP | $1,249M |
Business (County)
| Restaurants | 25 |
| Healthcare | 48 |
| Retail | 74 |
| Manufacturing | 14 |
Tax & Cost of Living
| Property Tax (IRS) | $1,671 |
| 52% below US avg |
| Cost of Living | 88.20 (100=avg) |
| Effective Tax Rate | 1.08% |
Commute & Transportation
| Commute Time | 31.1 min |
| Drive Alone | 86.4% |
| Public Transit | 0.0% |
| Work from Home | 0.0% |
The median home value in Stanley is $155,000, 45% below the national median of $281,900. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $111,104, lower than the Census estimate. Fair market rent ranges from $832 for a one-bedroom to $1,007 for a two-bedroom apartment. 80.0% of housing units are owner-occupied (above the 65.4% national rate). There are 58 total housing units in the city. The median year a home was built is 1981. The average annual property tax is $1,671 (lower than the $3,500 national average). 33.0% of renters spend 30% or more of their income on housing.
Home Values
| Census Median | $155,000 |
| 45% below US avg |
| Zillow ZHVI | $111,104 |
Real Estate Market (Redfin)
Rental Costs
HUD Fair Market Rent
| Studio | $763 |
| 1 Bedroom | $832 |
| 2 Bedrooms | $1,007 |
| 3 Bedrooms | $1,298 |
| 4 Bedrooms | $1,508 |
Ownership & Property
| Homeownership | 80.0% |
| Owner-Occupied | 80.0% |
| Renter-Occupied | 20.0% |
| Housing Units | 58 |
| Median Year Built | 1981 |
Property Tax
| Avg Tax (IRS) | $1,671 |
| 52% below US avg |
| Effective Rate | 1.08% |
In Stanley, 39.8% of adults are obese, above the national rate of 32.1%. 11.9% have diabetes. Heart disease affects 6.6% of residents. 37.3% have high blood pressure. 19.4% are current smokers (above the 14.0% national rate). 19.3% report binge drinking. 28.6% are physically inactive. 30.5% report depression (above the 20.0% national average). 21.6% experience frequent mental distress. 8.2% of residents lack health insurance. The primary care physician ratio is 1:7,378. The dentist ratio is 1:10,993. 37.4% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The food environment index is 5.9 out of 10.
Health Metrics: Stanley vs U.S. Average (%)
Chronic Conditions
| Obesity | 39.8% |
| 24% above US avg |
| Diabetes | 11.9% |
| Heart Disease | 6.6% |
| High Blood Pressure | 37.3% |
| Asthma | 10.3% |
| COPD | 7.9% |
| Cancer | 7.1% |
| Stroke | 3.5% |
Behaviors & Mental Health
| Smoking | 19.4% |
| 39% above US avg |
| Binge Drinking | 19.3% |
| Physical Inactivity | 28.6% |
| Depression | 30.5% |
| Mental Distress | 21.6% |
| Physical Distress | 14.9% |
| Short Sleep | 39.6% |
Healthcare Access
| Insurance Rate | 86.4% |
| Uninsured | 8.2% |
| 5% below US avg |
| Primary Care | 1:7,378 |
| Dentists | 1:10,993 |
| Mental Health | 1:811 |
| Checkup Rate | 79.3% |
| Dental Visits | 60.5% |
| Premature Death | 13,189/100K |
Food & Exercise
| Food Environment | 5.9/10 |
| Exercise Access | 37.4% |
| Healthcare Facilities | 48 |
Stanley has a violent crime rate of 652 per 100,000 residents, 72% above the national average of 380. Property crime stands at 5,651 per 100,000, 188% above the U.S. average. The county recorded 6 fatal traffic crashes. Overall, Stanley receives a safety grade of F.
Crime Rates: Stanley vs U.S. Average (per 100,000)
Violent Crime
| Total Violent | 652.1/100K |
| 72% above US avg |
| |
Property Crime
| Total Property | 5,651.1/100K |
| 188% above US avg |
Traffic Safety
| Fatal Crashes (County/yr) | 6 |
| Avg Accident Severity | 0.0 / 4.0 |
Safety Score
| Safety Grade | F |
| Safety Score | 1.0 / 5.0 |
Stanley enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 66°F (19°C). Winters average 47°F in January while summers reach 83°F in July. The area gets 306 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 53.4 inches (wetter than the 38-inch national average). Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 42. The city sits at an elevation of 284 feet.
Temperature
47°F Jan (8°C)
83°F Jul (28°C)
| Annual Average | 65.5°F |
| 21% above US avg |
| January Average | 47°F (8°C) |
| July Average | 83°F (28°C) |
| Sunny Days | 306 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 284 ft (87 m) |
| Area | 0.9 sq mi (2.2 km²) |
| Population Density | 64/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 31.9567°N, 93.9048°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | Sabine Parish County |
| Nearest Airport | Shreveport Regional (SHV)
34 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall
53.4"
41% above US avg
Wettest Month (May)
5.51"
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 42.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Low |
| Risk Score | 61.0 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 91.2 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 14.7 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado |
Relatively Moderate |
| Hurricane |
Relatively Low |
| Earthquake |
Very Low |
| Wildfire |
Relatively Low |
| Flood |
Relatively Low |
| Hail |
Relatively Low |
| Strong Wind |
Relatively High |
| Heat Wave |
Relatively Low |
| Winter Weather |
Relatively Low |
| Lightning |
Relatively Moderate |
| Ice Storm |
Relatively Moderate |
| Drought |
Relatively Low |
| Cold Wave |
Very Low |
| Landslide |
Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
33 earthquakes (M2.5+) within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest: M4.8. Most recent: M3.2 on Aug 22, 2025.
| May 17, 2012 |
3 km NE of Timpson, Texas |
M4.8 |
44 km |
| Sep 2, 2013 |
3 km WNW of Timpson, Texas |
M4.3 |
50 km |
| Sep 2, 2013 |
14 km WNW of Timpson, Texas |
M4.2 |
59 km |
| Jan 25, 2013 |
11 km SE of Timpson, Texas |
M4.1 |
39 km |
| May 10, 2012 |
9 km NW of Timpson, Texas |
M3.9 |
53 km |
| Jan 27, 2024 |
4 km SSW of Hall Summit, Louisiana |
M3.6 |
59 km |
| Jan 18, 2025 |
0 km WSW of Mooringsport, Louisiana |
M3.5 |
81 km |
| Mar 29, 2025 |
13 km NNE of Wells, Texas |
M3.5 |
100 km |
| Jan 20, 2019 |
7 km SSW of San Augustine, Texas |
M3.3 |
58 km |
| Aug 22, 2025 |
5 km WSW of Huxley, Texas |
M3.2 |
23 km |
| Apr 16, 2021 |
8 km WNW of Blanchard, Louisiana |
M3.2 |
72 km |
| Jan 6, 2025 |
4 km ESE of Mooringsport, Louisiana |
M3.0 |
79 km |
| Apr 2, 2024 |
5 km WSW of Chireno, Texas |
M3.0 |
72 km |
| Aug 21, 2025 |
8 km W of Huxley, Texas |
M3.0 |
23 km |
| Apr 1, 2021 |
7 km W of Blanchard, Louisiana |
M3.0 |
70 km |
| May 31, 2013 |
7 km SE of Timpson, Texas |
M2.9 |
42 km |
| Dec 7, 2012 |
3 km S of Timpson, Texas |
M2.8 |
48 km |
| Jan 9, 2024 |
1 km S of Edgefield, Louisiana |
M2.8 |
55 km |
| Jan 29, 2013 |
4 km S of Timpson, Texas |
M2.8 |
47 km |
| Jan 31, 2013 |
7 km WNW of Timpson, Texas |
M2.8 |
53 km |
Source: USGS (M2.5+, 1990–2025)
Hurricane History
12 hurricanes (Cat 1+) within 500 km since 1980.
Strongest: Category 4. Most recent: Laura (2020, Cat 4).
| Year |
Name |
Category |
Closest |
| 2020 |
Laura |
Category 4 |
76 km |
| 2020 |
Delta |
Category 2 |
228 km |
| 2008 |
Gustav |
Category 2 |
265 km |
| 2008 |
Ike |
Category 2 |
170 km |
| 2007 |
Humberto |
Category 1 |
187 km |
| 2005 |
Rita |
Category 3 |
163 km |
| 2002 |
Lili |
Category 1 |
266 km |
| 1992 |
Andrew |
Category 3 |
265 km |
| 1989 |
Chantal |
Category 1 |
266 km |
| 1986 |
Bonnie |
Category 1 |
232 km |
| 1985 |
Danny |
Category 1 |
246 km |
| 1983 |
Alicia |
Category 2 |
294 km |
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Cat 1+, 1980–2026)
Tornado History
647 tornadoes (EF0+) within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest: EF4. Total: 63 fatalities, 940 injuries.
| Date |
Rating |
Distance |
Fatalities |
| Apr 3, 1999 |
EF4 |
64 km |
7 |
| Dec 3, 1978 |
EF4 |
62 km |
2 |
| Feb 12, 1950 |
EF4 |
9 km |
18 |
| Jan 20, 2010 |
EF3 |
64 km |
0 |
| Apr 23, 2000 |
EF3 |
54 km |
0 |
| Apr 23, 2000 |
EF3 |
41 km |
0 |
| Apr 3, 1999 |
EF3 |
12 km |
0 |
| Nov 3, 1992 |
EF3 |
94 km |
0 |
| Feb 19, 1991 |
EF3 |
60 km |
0 |
| Jun 7, 1989 |
EF3 |
49 km |
0 |
| Nov 15, 1987 |
EF3 |
28 km |
1 |
| May 2, 1984 |
EF3 |
38 km |
0 |
| May 19, 1983 |
EF3 |
53 km |
0 |
| May 19, 1983 |
EF3 |
93 km |
0 |
| May 19, 1983 |
EF3 |
80 km |
0 |
| Apr 25, 1982 |
EF3 |
32 km |
0 |
| Apr 25, 1982 |
EF3 |
90 km |
0 |
| Apr 25, 1982 |
EF3 |
32 km |
0 |
| Oct 27, 1980 |
EF3 |
41 km |
0 |
| Dec 3, 1978 |
EF3 |
81 km |
2 |
Source: NOAA SPC (EF0+, 1950–2024)
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) within 100 km.
Largest: RXCOMP89-90-93-115 (10,602 ac, 2010).
| Year |
Name |
Acres |
Distance |
| 2010 |
RXCOMP89-90-93-115 |
10,602 |
76 km |
| 1994 |
AIRPORT |
8,458 |
70 km |
| 2010 |
RX10COMP 63-64-65 |
7,353 |
100 km |
| 2017 |
UNNAMED |
6,146 |
82 km |
| 2021 |
C-43/44 |
5,340 |
100 km |
| 2020 |
UNNAMED |
5,104 |
87 km |
| 2021 |
UNNAMED |
5,057 |
31 km |
| 2022 |
GOOBER HILL SOUTH |
4,845 |
32 km |
| 2013 |
UNNAMED |
4,754 |
81 km |
| 2022 |
ANF NORWOOD BLOCK B-C |
4,753 |
67 km |
| 1989 |
BIG CREEK |
4,723 |
99 km |
| 2022 |
THE 60S |
4,538 |
97 km |
| 2024 |
ANF WHITE CITY COMP 35/36/37 RX |
4,508 |
87 km |
| 2014 |
UNNAMED |
4,456 |
87 km |
| 2013 |
UNNAMED |
4,440 |
98 km |
| 2010 |
RX10COMP31-32-33-34 |
4,317 |
86 km |
| 2017 |
UNNAMED |
4,239 |
76 km |
| 2021 |
FIRE |
4,231 |
74 km |
| 2011 |
TD13 |
4,208 |
76 km |
| 2013 |
UNNAMED |
3,919 |
86 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN (100+ acres)
Monthly Weather
| Month |
Avg Temperature |
Precipitation |
Summary |
| January |
47°F (8°C) |
4.3 in |
Coldest |
| February |
49°F (10°C) |
4.1 in |
|
| March |
57°F (14°C) |
4.1 in |
|
| April |
64°F (18°C) |
3.9 in |
|
| May |
72°F (22°C) |
5.5 in |
Wettest |
| June |
78°F (26°C) |
4.3 in |
|
| July |
83°F (28°C) |
3.5 in |
Warmest |
| August |
81°F (27°C) |
2.9 in |
Driest |
| September |
76°F (24°C) |
4.0 in |
|
| October |
65°F (19°C) |
3.8 in |
|
| November |
56°F (13°C) |
4.3 in |
|
| December |
48°F (9°C) |
4.9 in |
|
Stanley has a seasonal temperature swing of 36°F / from 47°F in January to 83°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 49.5 inches, with May being the wettest month (5.5") and August the driest (2.9").
Average costs for common services in Stanley. Prices are estimated based on regional cost of living data and may vary by provider.
Healthcare
| Doctor Visit (Primary Care) |
$221 ($132–$353) |
| Specialist Visit |
$309 ($176–$485) |
| Urgent Care Visit |
$176 ($88–$309) |
| Emergency Room Visit |
$1,940 ($706–$4,410) |
| Dental Cleaning |
$115 ($66–$176) |
| Dental Filling |
$221 ($132–$353) |
View all 40 services
Auto Repair
| Oil Change (Conventional) |
$40 ($22–$66) |
| Oil Change (Synthetic) |
$66 ($44–$106) |
| Brake Pad Replacement |
$265 ($132–$441) |
| Tire Rotation |
$35 ($18–$66) |
| New Tires (Set of 4) |
$529 ($353–$882) |
| Battery Replacement |
$176 ($88–$309) |
View all 18 services
Home Services
| Plumber (Per Hour) |
$88 ($53–$132) |
| Electrician (Per Hour) |
$79 ($44–$123) |
| HVAC Repair |
$353 ($132–$706) |
| HVAC System Install |
$6,174 ($3,528–$10,584) |
| Roof Repair |
$882 ($353–$1,764) |
| Roof Replacement |
$7,938 ($4,851–$13,230) |
View all 25 services
Legal
| Divorce (Uncontested) |
$1,323 ($441–$3,087) |
| Divorce (Contested) |
$13,230 ($4,410–$26,460) |
| DUI Defense |
$4,410 ($1,764–$8,820) |
| Bankruptcy (Chapter 7) |
$1,323 ($706–$2,646) |
| Will Preparation |
$441 ($176–$882) |
| Trust Preparation |
$2,205 ($882–$4,410) |
View all 12 services
Personal Care
| Men's Haircut |
$22 ($13–$40) |
| Women's Haircut |
$49 ($26–$88) |
| Hair Coloring (Full) |
$132 ($66–$221) |
| Manicure |
$22 ($13–$40) |
| Pedicure |
$35 ($22–$57) |
| Massage (1 Hour) |
$71 ($44–$115) |
View all 12 services
Food & Grocery
| Gallon of Milk (per gallon) |
$3.62 ($2.65–$4.85) |
| Dozen Eggs (per dozen) |
$3.09 ($2.21–$4.41) |
| Loaf of Bread |
$3.35 ($2.21–$4.85) |
| Chicken Breast (per lb) |
$3.97 ($2.65–$5.73) |
| Ground Beef (per lb) |
$4.85 ($3.53–$6.62) |
| Rice (per lb) |
$0.88 ($0.53–$1.59) |
View all 20 services
Utilities
| Electricity (Monthly) |
$123 ($71–$221) |
| Natural Gas (Monthly) |
$62 ($26–$132) |
| Water/Sewer (Monthly) |
$62 ($35–$106) |
| Internet (Monthly) |
$62 ($35–$88) |
| Cell Phone Plan (Monthly) |
$57 ($26–$88) |
| Cable TV (Monthly) |
$75 ($44–$132) |
View all 8 services
Transportation
| Monthly Parking (Downtown) |
$176 ($66–$441) |
| Car Insurance (Annual) |
$1,764 ($1,058–$3,087) |
| Bus Pass (Monthly) |
$62 ($26–$115) |
| Taxi/Uber (5-Mile Ride) |
$13 ($7.06–$22) |
| Car Registration (Annual) |
$88 ($26–$221) |
| Driver's License Renewal |
$26 ($13–$66) |
View all 8 services
Education & Childcare
| Daycare (Infant, Monthly) |
$1,058 ($529–$2,205) |
| Daycare (Toddler, Monthly) |
$882 ($441–$1,764) |
| After-School Care (Monthly) |
$353 ($176–$617) |
| Tutoring (Per Hour) |
$44 ($22–$88) |
| SAT/ACT Prep Course |
$882 ($353–$2,205) |
| Private School (K-12, Annual) |
$11,025 ($4,410–$26,460) |
View all 8 services
Pets
| Vet Visit (Routine Checkup) |
$53 ($26–$88) |
| Dog Vaccination (Annual) |
$88 ($44–$176) |
| Dog Grooming |
$53 ($26–$88) |
| Pet Boarding (Per Night) |
$35 ($18–$66) |
| Dog Spay/Neuter |
$265 ($132–$441) |
| Cat Spay/Neuter |
$176 ($88–$353) |
View all 9 services
Childcare
| Center-Based (monthly) |
| Infant | $570 |
| Toddler | $570 |
| Preschool | $574 |
| Family Childcare (monthly) |
| Infant | $449 |
| Toddler | $449 |
| Preschool | $453 |
Source: DOL Women's Bureau (2022)
Frequently Asked Questions About Stanley
What is the population of Stanley?
Stanley has a population of 139 residents and is located in Louisiana. The population density is 64 people per square mile, spread across 0.9 square miles. The median age of residents is 35.8 years, which is younger than the national median of 38.9 years. The population is 56.8% female and 43.2% male.
Is Stanley expensive to live in?
Stanley is more affordable than the national average, with a cost of living index of 88.2 / below the baseline of 100. The median home value is $155,000 (45% below the U.S. median).
Is Stanley safe?
Public safety is a concern in Stanley, with a violent crime rate of 652 per 100,000 / significantly above the national average of 380. However, crime tends to concentrate in certain areas, and many neighborhoods remain relatively safe. Property crime occurs at a rate of 5,651 per 100,000 (above the national average). Overall, Stanley receives a safety grade of F based on combined crime data.
What is the weather like in Stanley?
Stanley enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 66°F (19°C). Winter temperatures average 47°F in January, while summers reach an average of 83°F in July. The area receives 306 sunny days per year, well above the national average of 205. Annual rainfall totals 53.4 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median Air Quality Index (AQI) of 42.
How is the job market in Stanley?
The job market in Stanley is very strong, with unemployment at just 0.0% / well below the national rate of 3.6%. The average weekly wage is $870. There are 588 business establishments in the area, including 25 restaurants and food service locations. The average commute time is 31 minutes, and 0.0% of workers work from home.
How much does housing cost in Stanley?
The median home value in Stanley is $155,000. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $111,104. The homeownership rate is 80.0%. The average annual property tax is $1,671.
How are the schools in Stanley?
Schools in Stanley have an average test score of 4.7 out of 10, below typical national benchmarks. Families may want to research individual school ratings. 22.4% of adults in Stanley hold a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national average of 33.7%. 99.0% have completed high school. 2.6% hold a graduate or professional degree.
How healthy is Stanley?
The obesity rate in Stanley is 39.8% (above the national rate of 32.1%). 19.4% of adults are smokers. 28.6% are physically inactive. 30.5% of residents report depression. 8.2% lack health insurance. 37.4% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The primary care physician ratio is 1:7,378.
What is transportation like in Stanley?
The average commute in Stanley is 31 minutes, longer than the national average of 28 minutes. 86.4% of workers drive alone to work, and 0.0% work from home.
What are the demographics of Stanley?
The racial and ethnic makeup of Stanley is 93.5% White, 6.5% Hispanic or Latino. 100% of residents speak only English at home. 80.0% of the population are military veterans. 29.1% of residents have a disability. 86.4% have health insurance coverage.
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