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Weather & Climate in Baltimore, MD
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Baltimore enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 57°F (14°C). Winters average 42°F in January while summers reach 77°F in July. The area gets 293 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 49.7 inches (wetter than the 38-inch national average). The area receives 1.4 inches of snow annually. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 45. 66% of days have good air quality. The city sits at an elevation of 52 feet.
Temperature
42°F Jan (5°C)
77°F Jul (25°C)
| Annual Average | 57.1°F |
| 6% above US avg | |
| January Average | 42°F (5°C) |
| July Average | 77°F (25°C) |
| Sunny Days | 293 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 52 ft (16 m) |
| Area | 81.0 sq mi (209.7 km²) |
| Population Density | 7,130/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 39.3000°N, 76.6105°W |
| Timezone | America/New_York |
| County | Baltimore city County |
| Nearest Airport | Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall (BWI) 9 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 45.0 |
| Rating | Good |
| Good Days % | 65.6% |
| Unhealthy Days | 5 |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively High |
| Risk Score | 95.0 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 74.1 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 78.8 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Relatively High |
| Hurricane | Relatively Moderate |
| Earthquake | Relatively Moderate |
| Wildfire | Very Low |
| Flood | Relatively High |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate |
| Strong Wind | Relatively High |
| Heat Wave | Relatively High |
| Winter Weather | Very High |
| Lightning | Relatively High |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Moderate |
| Drought | No Rating |
| Cold Wave | Relatively High |
| Landslide | Very Low |
| Coastal Flood | Relatively Moderate |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
28 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M4.6.
| Jan 16, 1994 | 2 km W of Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania | M4.6 | 125 km | 5 km |
| Jan 16, 1994 | 0 km E of Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania | M4.2 | 125 km | 5 km |
| Jul 16, 2010 | 5 km NNW of Barnesville, Maryland | M3.6 | 69 km | 7 km |
| Jun 13, 2019 | 9 km N of Blain, Pennsylvania | M3.4 | 146 km | 27 km |
| Oct 23, 1990 | 3 km W of Hancocks Bridge, New Jersey | M3.2 | 98 km | 10 km |
| Jun 3, 2010 | 4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania | M3.1 | 93 km | 2 km |
| Jan 17, 2016 | 3 km NE of Ranson, West Virginia | M3.0 | 105 km | 5 km |
| Nov 14, 1997 | 0 km S of Rothsville, Pennsylvania | M3.0 | 99 km | 5 km |
| Apr 24, 2009 | 1 km S of Franklintown, Pennsylvania | M2.9 | 92 km | 1 km |
| Jan 16, 1994 | 0 km SSE of Sinking Spring, Pennsylvania | M2.9 | 125 km | 5 km |
| Sep 15, 2019 | 5 km ESE of East Berlin, Pennsylvania | M2.8 | 74 km | 5 km |
| May 10, 1993 | 1 km NW of Whitfield, Pennsylvania | M2.8 | 127 km | 5 km |
| Jul 1, 2009 | 3 km ESE of Pennsville, New Jersey | M2.8 | 104 km | 5 km |
| Oct 25, 2009 | 4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania | M2.8 | 94 km | 1 km |
| Mar 15, 1993 | 5 km W of Columbia, Maryland | M2.7 | 26 km | 5 km |
| Oct 28, 1994 | 1 km E of Mount Vernon, Maryland | M2.7 | 1 km | — |
| Mar 11, 1995 | 0 km ENE of Landisville, Pennsylvania | M2.7 | 91 km | 5 km |
| Jan 25, 2015 | 4 km ESE of Downingtown, Pennsylvania | M2.6 | 113 km | 2 km |
| Jan 13, 1990 | 6 km ENE of Eldersburg, Maryland | M2.6 | 27 km | 5 km |
| Jun 25, 2021 | 2 km SE of Woodlawn, Maryland | M2.6 | 9 km | 3 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Hurricane History
4 hurricanes (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980. Strongest on record: Category 2.
| Year | Name | Category | Max Wind | Closest |
| 2011 | Irene | Category 1 | 75 mph | 193 km |
| 1999 | Floyd | Category 1 | — | 282 km |
| 1986 | Charley | Category 1 | 75 mph | 245 km |
| 1985 | Gloria | Category 2 | 98 mph | 208 km |
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980–2026).
Tornado History
482 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 11 fatalities, 469 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Apr 28, 2002 | EF4 | 97 km | 38.0 mi | 3 |
| Sep 24, 2001 | EF3 | 52 km | 17.5 mi | 2 |
| Jul 19, 1996 | EF3 | 39 km | 2.2 mi | 0 |
| Jul 27, 1994 | EF3 | 86 km | 4.0 mi | 0 |
| May 22, 1983 | EF3 | 71 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| Jun 7, 1980 | EF3 | 78 km | 1.5 mi | 0 |
| Sep 5, 1979 | EF3 | 71 km | 17.9 mi | 1 |
| Apr 1, 1973 | EF3 | 83 km | 9.8 mi | 0 |
| Jun 9, 1961 | EF3 | 11 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Apr 28, 1961 | EF3 | 98 km | 0.3 mi | 0 |
| Apr 5, 1952 | EF3 | 64 km | 17.5 mi | 0 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | EF2 | 76 km | 5.9 mi | 0 |
| Sep 1, 2021 | EF2 | 50 km | 11.4 mi | 0 |
| Aug 4, 2020 | EF2 | 98 km | 35.8 mi | 0 |
| Nov 2, 2018 | EF2 | 49 km | 5.5 mi | 0 |
| Jul 23, 2017 | EF2 | 44 km | 2.4 mi | 0 |
| Feb 24, 2016 | EF2 | 93 km | 4.9 mi | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2011 | EF2 | 94 km | 2.6 mi | 0 |
| Sep 28, 2004 | EF2 | 97 km | 5.0 mi | 0 |
| Sep 18, 2004 | EF2 | 49 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Tsunami History
1 tsunami recorded within 500 km.
| Year | Location | Cause | Max Wave | Deaths | Distance |
| 1840 | PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA | Earthquake | — | — | 133 km |
Source: NOAA/NCEI Historical Tsunami Database.
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 42°F (5°C) | 3.4 in | |
| February | 36°F (2°C) | 3.0 in | Coldest, Driest |
| March | 45°F (7°C) | 3.9 in | |
| April | 55°F (13°C) | 3.4 in | |
| May | 65°F (18°C) | 4.3 in | Wettest |
| June | 74°F (23°C) | 3.7 in | |
| July | 77°F (25°C) | 4.1 in | Warmest |
| August | 77°F (25°C) | 4.1 in | |
| September | 70°F (21°C) | 3.9 in | |
| October | 58°F (14°C) | 3.2 in | |
| November | 48°F (9°C) | 3.5 in | |
| December | 39°F (4°C) | 3.6 in |
Baltimore has a seasonal temperature swing of 41°F / from 36°F in February to 77°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 44.0 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.3") and February the driest (3.0").