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Weather & Climate in Elsah, IL
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Elsah enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 56°F (13°C). Winters average 31°F in January while summers reach 79°F in July. The area gets 302 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 39.4 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 43. The city sits at an elevation of 489 feet.
Temperature
31°F Jan (-1°C)
79°F Jul (26°C)
| Annual Average | 56.1°F |
| 4% above US avg | |
| January Average | 31°F (-1°C) |
| July Average | 79°F (26°C) |
| Sunny Days | 302 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 489 ft (149 m) |
| Area | 0.4 sq mi (1.1 km²) |
| Population Density | 601/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 38.9541°N, 90.3553°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | St. Charles County County |
| Nearest Airport | St Louis Lambert International (STL) 14 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 43.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Moderate |
| Risk Score | 92.6 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 10.6 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 95.1 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Relatively High |
| Hurricane | Very Low |
| Earthquake | Relatively Moderate |
| Wildfire | Very Low |
| Flood | Relatively High |
| Hail | Relatively High |
| Strong Wind | Very High |
| Heat Wave | Relatively Moderate |
| Winter Weather | Relatively High |
| Lightning | Relatively High |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Moderate |
| Drought | Relatively Low |
| Cold Wave | Relatively High |
| Landslide | Relatively Moderate |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
32 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M3.9.
| Jun 7, 2011 | 18 km NNW of Potosi, Missouri | M3.9 | 109 km | 21 km |
| Mar 2, 1990 | 9 km NW of Vernon, Illinois | M3.4 | 103 km | 0 km |
| Aug 27, 1993 | 5 km SSE of Olympian Village, Missouri | M3.3 | 96 km | 22 km |
| Oct 24, 1990 | 5 km ENE of Woodlawn, Illinois | M3.2 | 138 km | 1 km |
| Jan 29, 1993 | 7 km WNW of Brownstown, Illinois | M3.2 | 115 km | 5 km |
| Apr 6, 1994 | 2 km NE of Tamaroa, Illinois | M3.2 | 133 km | 15 km |
| Jul 1, 2017 | 9 km SSE of Mulberry Grove, Illinois | M3.1 | 98 km | 17 km |
| Jul 8, 2003 | 1 km N of Leasburg, Missouri | M2.9 | 125 km | 4 km |
| Sep 5, 2004 | 3 km WNW of Saint Peter, Illinois | M2.9 | 127 km | 33 km |
| May 18, 2006 | 9 km SSE of De Soto, Missouri | M2.9 | 101 km | 6 km |
| Sep 5, 1995 | 3 km N of Woodlawn, Illinois | M2.9 | 132 km | 4 km |
| Feb 8, 2004 | 6 km SSW of Stoutsville, Missouri | M2.9 | 145 km | 5 km |
| Apr 29, 2022 | 1 km SSW of Peerless Park, Missouri | M2.8 | 49 km | 8 km |
| Mar 28, 2024 | 1 km NNE of Germantown, Illinois | M2.8 | 83 km | 24 km |
| Jul 31, 1995 | 8 km SSW of Caledonia, Missouri | M2.8 | 146 km | 5 km |
| May 5, 2008 | 3 km SSE of Fenton, Missouri | M2.8 | 52 km | 19 km |
| Sep 13, 1997 | 3 km SSE of Darmstadt, Illinois | M2.8 | 93 km | 16 km |
| Jul 15, 1990 | 7 km SW of Potosi, Missouri | M2.7 | 127 km | 3 km |
| Nov 12, 1996 | 15 km SSE of Olympian Village, Missouri | M2.7 | 106 km | 5 km |
| Jul 22, 1998 | 12 km NE of Mine La Motte, Missouri | M2.7 | 141 km | 11 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
632 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 61 fatalities, 1,100 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Nov 17, 2013 | EF4 | 99 km | 10.6 mi | 2 |
| Apr 22, 2011 | EF4 | 27 km | 21.3 mi | 0 |
| Apr 3, 1981 | EF4 | 33 km | 11.9 mi | 0 |
| Jan 24, 1967 | EF4 | 35 km | 25.0 mi | 3 |
| Feb 10, 1959 | EF4 | 52 km | 23.9 mi | 21 |
| Feb 24, 1956 | EF4 | 75 km | 77.6 mi | 6 |
| Dec 10, 2021 | EF3 | 62 km | 24.8 mi | 1 |
| Dec 10, 2021 | EF3 | 34 km | 4.2 mi | 6 |
| Dec 1, 2018 | EF3 | 97 km | 12.5 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 2013 | EF3 | 25 km | 10.6 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 2013 | EF3 | 45 km | 31.7 mi | 0 |
| Apr 19, 2011 | EF3 | 71 km | 4.3 mi | 0 |
| Dec 31, 2010 | EF3 | 52 km | 6.7 mi | 1 |
| Mar 13, 2006 | EF3 | 88 km | 44.5 mi | 0 |
| Mar 13, 2006 | EF3 | 84 km | 6.0 mi | 0 |
| Mar 11, 2006 | EF3 | 93 km | 5.1 mi | 0 |
| Jun 1, 1999 | EF3 | 72 km | 10.0 mi | 1 |
| Nov 15, 1988 | EF3 | 34 km | 1.0 mi | 0 |
| Nov 15, 1988 | EF3 | 48 km | 9.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 29, 1984 | EF3 | 49 km | 8.0 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 31°F (-1°C) | 1.8 in | Coldest, Driest |
| February | 33°F (1°C) | 2.0 in | |
| March | 44°F (6°C) | 3.4 in | |
| April | 55°F (13°C) | 3.8 in | |
| May | 64°F (18°C) | 4.1 in | Wettest |
| June | 73°F (23°C) | 3.5 in | |
| July | 79°F (26°C) | 3.8 in | Warmest |
| August | 76°F (24°C) | 3.3 in | |
| September | 68°F (20°C) | 3.3 in | |
| October | 57°F (14°C) | 2.8 in | |
| November | 44°F (7°C) | 3.3 in | |
| December | 33°F (0°C) | 2.9 in |
Elsah has a seasonal temperature swing of 48°F / from 31°F in January to 79°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 38.0 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.1") and January the driest (1.8").