Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Fern Forest enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 62°F (17°C). Winters average 59°F in January while summers reach 64°F in July / relatively mild seasonal variation. The area gets 330 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 96.2 inches (wetter than the 38-inch national average). Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 24 / among the cleanest air in the country. The city sits at an elevation of 2,260 feet.
Temperature
59°F Jan (15°C)64°F Jul (18°C)
Annual Average
61.7°F
14% above US avg
January Average
59°F (15°C)
July Average
64°F (18°C)
Sunny Days
330 days/yr
Geography
Elevation
2,260 ft (689 m)
Area
12.5 sq mi (32.3 km²)
Population Density
71/sq mi
Coordinates
19.4647°N, 155.1324°W
Timezone
Pacific/Honolulu
County
Hawaii County County
Nearest Airport
Hilo International (ITO) 18 miles away
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall96.2"
153% above US avg
Snowfall0.0"
Wettest Month (Dec)15.04"
Driest Month (Jun)4.29"
Air Quality
AQI Median
24.0
Rating
Good
Natural Hazard Risk
Overall Risk
Relatively High
Risk Score
98.5 / 100
Social Vulnerability
56.8 / 100
Community Resilience
56.7 / 100
Hazard Breakdown
Tornado
Very Low
Hurricane
Relatively Low
Earthquake
Relatively High
Wildfire
Relatively High
Flood
Relatively High
Hail
Very Low
Strong Wind
Very Low
Heat Wave
No Rating
Winter Weather
Very Low
Lightning
Very High
Ice Storm
Very Low
Drought
Very Low
Cold Wave
Very Low
Landslide
Relatively Low
Coastal Flood
Relatively Low
Tsunami
Relatively Moderate
Volcano
Very High
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
14,129 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest on record: M6.9.
May 4, 2018
18 km SSW of Leilani Estates, Hawaii
M6.9
21 km
6 km
Feb 9, 2024
2 km SW of Pāhala, Hawaii
M5.9
49 km
37 km
May 4, 2018
18 km SW of Leilani Estates, Hawaii
M5.7
19 km
6 km
Apr 17, 1999
5 km N of P?hala, Hawaii
M5.6
44 km
9 km
Mar 13, 2019
13 km SSE of Volcano, Hawaii
M5.5
17 km
7 km
May 8, 1991
Hawaii region, Hawaii
M5.5
115 km
29 km
Jul 17, 2005
35 km SSE of Naalehu, Hawaii
M5.4
84 km
32 km
Aug 14, 2007
15 km SSE of Fern Forest, Hawaii
M5.4
15 km
9 km
Apr 14, 2019
20 km E of Kalaoa, Hawaii
M5.3
76 km
13 km
Jul 15, 2005
50 km NNE of Pa‘auilo, Hawaii
M5.3
108 km
15 km
Jun 5, 2013
54 km SE of P?hala, Hawaii
M5.3
62 km
40 km
Jun 8, 2017
15 km S of Fern Forest, Hawaii
M5.3
15 km
6 km
Feb 1, 1994
19 km ENE of P?hala, Hawaii
M5.3
29 km
34 km
Dec 9, 1991
20 km SSW of Hawaiian Ocean View, Hawaii
M5.2
96 km
44 km
Jun 28, 2015
12 km SSE of Volcano, Hawaii
M5.2
17 km
8 km
Jul 5, 2021
12 km NNW of Kukuihaele, Hawaii
M5.2
99 km
27 km
May 13, 2005
45 km ESE of Naalehu, Hawaii
M5.1
67 km
43 km
Jun 30, 1997
14 km SSE of Fern Forest, Hawaii
M5.1
15 km
8 km
Jun 27, 1998
51 km NW of Kalaoa, Hawaii
M5.1
142 km
4 km
May 3, 2018
15 km SSE of Fern Forest, Hawaii
M5.1
15 km
6 km
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Hurricane History
8 hurricanes (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980.
Strongest on record: Category 2.
Year
Name
Category
Max Wind
Closest
2024
Hone
Category 1
86 mph
153 km
2020
Douglas
Category 1
92 mph
157 km
2016
Lester
Category 1
86 mph
287 km
2016
Madeline
Category 1
81 mph
236 km
2014
Iselle
Category 1
81 mph
153 km
2014
Ana
Category 1
86 mph
294 km
2007
Flossie
Category 2
104 mph
235 km
1986
Estelle
Category 2
98 mph
274 km
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980–2026).
Tornado History
7 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest on record: EF2. Total: 4 injuries.
Date
Rating
Distance
Path
Fatalities
Jan 28, 1971
EF2
94 km
1.0 mi
0
Mar 25, 1988
EF1
39 km
0.2 mi
0
Mar 20, 1980
EF1
26 km
1.0 mi
0
Feb 28, 2004
EF0
48 km
5.0 mi
0
Apr 3, 1986
EF0
26 km
0.2 mi
0
Nov 20, 1978
EF0
52 km
0.1 mi
0
Mar 19, 1955
EF0
32 km
0.1 mi
0
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Tsunami History
10 tsunamis recorded within 500 km.
Highest wave on record: 14.3 m (47 ft).
Year
Location
Cause
Max Wave
Deaths
Distance
1975
HAWAII
Eruption + Earthquake
14.3 m
2
11 km
1868
HAWAII
Earthquake
13.7 m
77
65 km
1869
OFF COAST OF HAWAII
Unknown
8.2 m
—
61 km
1919
ALIKA, HAWAII
Explosion
4.3 m
—
85 km
1951
HAWAII
Earthquake
3.6 m
—
91 km
1952
HAWAII
Earthquake
3.0 m
—
43 km
1908
HAWAII
Earthquake
1.2 m
—
54 km
2018
HAWAII
Eruption
0.4 m
—
21 km
1989
HAWAII
Eruption + Earthquake
0.3 m
—
13 km
2006
HAWAII
Earthquake
0.1 m
—
96 km
Source: NOAA/NCEI Historical Tsunami Database.
Nearby Volcanoes
5 volcanoes within 200 km.
Closest: Kilauea (17 km).
Name
Type
Elevation
Last Eruption
Distance
Kilauea
Shield
1,222 m (4,009 ft)
2018
17 km
Mauna Loa
Shield
4,170 m (13,681 ft)
1984
50 km
Mauna Kea
Shield
4,205 m (13,796 ft)
-2460
53 km
Hualalai
Shield
2,523 m (8,278 ft)
1801
81 km
Haleakala
Shield
3,055 m (10,023 ft)
1750
181 km
Source: Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program (GVP).
Wildfire History
16 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km.
Largest: MANA ROAD FIRE (39,849 acres, 2021).
Year
Name
Acres Burned
Distance
2021
MANA ROAD FIRE
39,849
73 km
2005
LALAMILO
18,960
84 km
2018
HIGHWAY 190 FIRE
15,617
80 km
2022
LEILANI
14,674
69 km
2007
WAIKOLOA FIRE
8,791
81 km
2018
KEAUHOU RANCH BRUSH FIRE
3,845
22 km
2015
KAWAIHAE FIRE
3,743
95 km
2003
LUHI FIRE
3,479
13 km
2002
KUPUKUPU
2,479
14 km
2003
PANAU IKI
1,926
16 km
2016
PUUWAAWAA MAKAI
1,691
87 km
2017
WAIKAPUNA FIRE
1,591
68 km
1992
KAWAIHAE
1,567
94 km
2000
AHUWELA
1,482
43 km
2000
UNNAMED
1,178
41 km
2000
BROOMSEDGE
1,011
18 km
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
Month
Avg Temperature
Precipitation
Summary
January
59°F (15°C)
13.0 in
Coldest
February
66°F (19°C)
10.9 in
March
66°F (19°C)
6.5 in
April
66°F (19°C)
9.2 in
May
67°F (20°C)
7.0 in
June
68°F (20°C)
4.3 in
Driest
July
64°F (18°C)
7.2 in
August
70°F (21°C)
8.0 in
September
70°F (21°C)
6.1 in
Warmest
October
70°F (21°C)
11.5 in
November
68°F (20°C)
13.1 in
December
66°F (19°C)
15.0 in
Wettest
Fern Forest has a seasonal temperature swing of 12°F / from 59°F in January to 70°F in September. Total annual precipitation is 111.8 inches, with December being the wettest month (15.0") and June the driest (4.3").