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Weather & Climate in Madison, KS
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Madison enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 56°F (13°C). Winters average 31°F in January while summers reach 79°F in July. The area gets 302 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 34.8 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 39. The city sits at an elevation of 1,143 feet.
Temperature
31°F Jan (-1°C)
79°F Jul (26°C)
| Annual Average | 55.7°F |
| 3% above US avg | |
| January Average | 31°F (-1°C) |
| July Average | 79°F (26°C) |
| Sunny Days | 302 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 1,143 ft (348 m) |
| Area | 0.6 sq mi (1.5 km²) |
| Population Density | 1,626/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 38.1336°N, 96.1372°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | Lyon County County |
| Nearest Airport | Topeka Regional (FOE) 62 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 39.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Low |
| Risk Score | 47.7 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 20.8 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 66.4 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Relatively Moderate |
| Hurricane | No Rating |
| Earthquake | Very Low |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low |
| Flood | Relatively Low |
| Hail | Relatively Low |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Moderate |
| Heat Wave | Relatively Low |
| Winter Weather | Relatively High |
| Lightning | Relatively Moderate |
| Ice Storm | Relatively High |
| Drought | Relatively Low |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low |
| Landslide | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
92 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M3.8.
| Sep 16, 2019 | 15 km NW of Elmdale, Kansas | M3.8 | 66 km | 5 km |
| May 15, 2025 | 5 km NNW of Herington, Kansas | M3.5 | 97 km | 5 km |
| Mar 12, 2020 | 6 km NNE of Hope, Kansas | M3.5 | 104 km | 5 km |
| Mar 14, 2021 | 5 km NE of Eastborough, Kansas | M3.5 | 106 km | 5 km |
| Mar 14, 2021 | 3 km NE of Eastborough, Kansas | M3.5 | 107 km | 5 km |
| Oct 10, 2024 | 6 km WSW of Woodbine, Kansas | M3.5 | 106 km | 10 km |
| Mar 14, 2021 | 3 km NE of Eastborough, Kansas | M3.4 | 107 km | 5 km |
| Aug 2, 2025 | 6 km ENE of Assaria, Kansas | M3.4 | 138 km | 5 km |
| Mar 24, 2020 | 8 km NNE of Hope, Kansas | M3.3 | 106 km | 5 km |
| Aug 3, 2025 | 7 km ENE of Assaria, Kansas | M3.3 | 136 km | 5 km |
| Aug 4, 2025 | 5 km E of Assaria, Kansas | M3.3 | 136 km | 10 km |
| Jul 30, 2019 | 5 km NNE of Kipp, Kansas | M3.2 | 136 km | 5 km |
| Sep 16, 2019 | 11 km E of Marion, Kansas | M3.2 | 70 km | 5 km |
| May 8, 2021 | 2 km E of Hope, Kansas | M3.2 | 101 km | 5 km |
| Jun 27, 2018 | 5 km NW of Wellington, Kansas | M3.2 | 146 km | 5 km |
| Jun 4, 2023 | 13 km SE of Lincolnville, Kansas | M3.2 | 69 km | 5 km |
| May 8, 2021 | 4 km ENE of Hope, Kansas | M3.2 | 101 km | 4 km |
| Mar 15, 2021 | 4 km NE of Eastborough, Kansas | M3.2 | 107 km | 5 km |
| Jul 4, 2020 | 5 km W of Kipp, Kansas | M3.1 | 141 km | 5 km |
| Jan 10, 2022 | 4 km ESE of Assaria, Kansas | M3.1 | 137 km | 5 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
530 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF5. Total: 105 fatalities, 989 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Jun 8, 1966 | EF5 | 90 km | 21.1 mi | 16 |
| May 20, 1957 | EF5 | 66 km | 69.4 mi | 44 |
| Feb 28, 2007 | EF4 | 91 km | 28.0 mi | 0 |
| Jun 8, 1974 | EF4 | 33 km | 37.5 mi | 6 |
| Apr 12, 1964 | EF4 | 73 km | 19.4 mi | 3 |
| Jun 10, 1958 | EF4 | 84 km | 9.0 mi | 15 |
| Jun 26, 2018 | EF3 | 39 km | 9.2 mi | 0 |
| Jul 7, 2016 | EF3 | 34 km | 4.2 mi | 0 |
| May 21, 2011 | EF3 | 43 km | 10.1 mi | 1 |
| May 8, 2003 | EF3 | 41 km | 23.0 mi | 0 |
| May 8, 2003 | EF3 | 60 km | 25.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 26, 1991 | EF3 | 43 km | 15.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 26, 1991 | EF3 | 78 km | 14.0 mi | 1 |
| Aug 17, 1985 | EF3 | 78 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| May 6, 1983 | EF3 | 88 km | 19.0 mi | 1 |
| May 4, 1977 | EF3 | 100 km | 31.6 mi | 0 |
| Jun 6, 1971 | EF3 | 85 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 12, 1964 | EF3 | 89 km | 33.8 mi | 0 |
| Apr 16, 1960 | EF3 | 84 km | 9.2 mi | 0 |
| Nov 17, 1958 | EF3 | 97 km | 8.5 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: RD 80 (63,061 acres, 2016).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 2016 | RD 80 | 63,061 | 23 km |
| 2014 | UNNAMED | 60,976 | 52 km |
| 1998 | ANNUAL BUR | 60,039 | 52 km |
| 2002 | UNNAMED | 26,655 | 42 km |
| 2014 | UNNAMED | 20,760 | 74 km |
| 2000 | WEST SIDE MVD | 18,701 | 57 km |
| 2023 | WAGSTAFF | 16,111 | 81 km |
| 1988 | UNNAMED | 15,512 | 72 km |
| 2016 | UNNAMED | 15,100 | 46 km |
| 1996 | UNNAMED | 14,832 | 32 km |
| 1996 | UNNAMED | 14,661 | 24 km |
| 2018 | 18-85 | 14,632 | 48 km |
| 2016 | FERGUSON RANCH | 13,625 | 80 km |
| 1996 | UNNAMED | 13,265 | 75 km |
| 1991 | UNNAMED | 13,063 | 43 km |
| 1989 | UNNAMED | 12,241 | 46 km |
| 1991 | UNNAMED | 12,063 | 31 km |
| 2002 | WEST UNIT | 11,187 | 23 km |
| 1992 | UNNAMED | 11,123 | 22 km |
| 1996 | UNNAMED | 10,911 | 31 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 31°F (-1°C) | 1.0 in | Coldest, Driest |
| February | 34°F (1°C) | 1.1 in | |
| March | 45°F (7°C) | 2.7 in | |
| April | 56°F (13°C) | 3.0 in | |
| May | 65°F (18°C) | 4.7 in | |
| June | 74°F (23°C) | 5.6 in | Wettest |
| July | 79°F (26°C) | 3.8 in | Warmest |
| August | 78°F (26°C) | 4.2 in | |
| September | 70°F (21°C) | 4.2 in | |
| October | 58°F (15°C) | 3.2 in | |
| November | 45°F (7°C) | 2.2 in | |
| December | 34°F (1°C) | 1.4 in |
Madison has a seasonal temperature swing of 48°F / from 31°F in January to 79°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 37.2 inches, with June being the wettest month (5.6") and January the driest (1.0").