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Weather & Climate in Madison, MO
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Madison experiences four distinct seasons with an average annual temperature of 55°F (13°C). Winters average 30°F in January while summers reach 77°F in July. The area gets 255 sunny days per year, above the national average. Annual precipitation totals 44.5 inches. The area receives 5.3 inches of snow annually. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 41. The city sits at an elevation of 1,217 feet.
Temperature
30°F Jan (-1°C)
77°F Jul (25°C)
| Annual Average | 55.2°F |
| 2% above US avg | |
| January Average | 30°F (-1°C) |
| July Average | 77°F (25°C) |
| Sunny Days | 255 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 1,217 ft (371 m) |
| Area | 0.5 sq mi (1.2 km²) |
| Population Density | 860/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 37.4915°N, 90.3568°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| Nearest Airport | Farmington Regional (FAM) 21 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 41.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Earthquake History
236 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M4.8.
| Sep 26, 1990 | 4 km SE of Chaffee, Missouri | M4.8 | 76 km | 1 km |
| May 4, 1991 | 2 km NNW of Risco, Missouri | M4.5 | 112 km | 11 km |
| Feb 5, 1994 | 2 km WNW of Dongola, Illinois | M4.2 | 104 km | 16 km |
| Jun 6, 2003 | 1 km NE of Bardwell, Kentucky | M4.0 | 139 km | 3 km |
| Feb 21, 2012 | 4 km SSE of Bertrand, Missouri | M3.9 | 108 km | 8 km |
| Jun 7, 2011 | 18 km NNW of Potosi, Missouri | M3.9 | 81 km | 21 km |
| Oct 21, 1999 | 9 km NW of Maynard, Arkansas | M3.9 | 125 km | 10 km |
| Aug 22, 2000 | 19 km WNW of Maynard, Arkansas | M3.9 | 131 km | 10 km |
| Jul 7, 1991 | 11 km ENE of Brandsville, Missouri | M3.9 | 140 km | 8 km |
| Mar 2, 2010 | 2 km ENE of East Prairie, Missouri | M3.7 | 118 km | 8 km |
| Aug 16, 2003 | 5 km W of Thomasville, Missouri | M3.7 | 135 km | 0 km |
| Sep 22, 2011 | 6 km E of Grandin, Missouri | M3.6 | 83 km | 11 km |
| Jun 20, 2005 | 4 km WSW of Blandville, Kentucky | M3.6 | 136 km | 19 km |
| Mar 15, 2017 | 9 km ESE of Wyatt, Missouri | M3.6 | 129 km | 8 km |
| Jun 15, 2004 | 3 km S of Canalou, Missouri | M3.5 | 104 km | 5 km |
| May 1, 2016 | 5 km SE of New Grand Chain, Illinois | M3.5 | 125 km | 16 km |
| Jul 16, 2004 | 6 km SE of Wyatt, Missouri | M3.5 | 126 km | 4 km |
| Sep 9, 2016 | 9 km NW of Tiptonville, Tennessee | M3.4 | 137 km | 10 km |
| Sep 26, 1994 | 4 km ENE of Blandville, Kentucky | M3.4 | 140 km | 13 km |
| Aug 27, 1993 | 5 km SSE of Olympian Village, Missouri | M3.3 | 67 km | 22 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
515 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 63 fatalities, 826 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Feb 28, 2017 | EF4 | 40 km | 53.5 mi | 1 |
| Sep 22, 2006 | EF4 | 51 km | 27.5 mi | 0 |
| Apr 24, 2002 | EF4 | 80 km | 40.5 mi | 0 |
| Apr 22, 1981 | EF4 | 99 km | 63.0 mi | 1 |
| Jun 22, 1969 | EF4 | 32 km | 15.1 mi | 4 |
| Jun 22, 1969 | EF4 | 83 km | 20.2 mi | 2 |
| Dec 21, 1967 | EF4 | 71 km | 27.9 mi | 3 |
| Dec 18, 1957 | EF4 | 81 km | 28.3 mi | 11 |
| May 21, 1957 | EF4 | 94 km | 9.1 mi | 7 |
| May 26, 2024 | EF3 | 95 km | 19.6 mi | 0 |
| Oct 24, 2021 | EF3 | 7 km | 18.8 mi | 0 |
| Oct 24, 2021 | EF3 | 24 km | 16.7 mi | 0 |
| Nov 17, 2013 | EF3 | 76 km | 14.3 mi | 0 |
| Feb 29, 2012 | EF3 | 67 km | 20.0 mi | 1 |
| May 25, 2011 | EF3 | 87 km | 47.4 mi | 0 |
| Mar 11, 2006 | EF3 | 70 km | 5.1 mi | 0 |
| Mar 11, 2006 | EF3 | 48 km | 53.5 mi | 2 |
| May 6, 2003 | EF3 | 62 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2002 | EF3 | 92 km | 19.3 mi | 1 |
| Apr 27, 2002 | EF3 | 39 km | 4.0 mi | 1 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: HANDY (12,818 acres, 2012).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 2012 | HANDY | 12,818 | 99 km |
| 2020 | BIG BARREN CREEK | 8,150 | 97 km |
| 2022 | STEGALL MOUNTAIN | 6,979 | 87 km |
| 2010 | WYLIE KING 1 | 6,077 | 68 km |
| 2015 | 15 STEGAL MOUNTAIN | 5,112 | 87 km |
| 2011 | MINNINGHAW | 4,792 | 87 km |
| 2024 | BRIDGES RX | 4,781 | 100 km |
| 2009 | STEGAL MTN. COMPLEX | 4,717 | 87 km |
| 2017 | UNNAMED | 4,602 | 88 km |
| 2021 | MILLER KING | 4,130 | 67 km |
| 2022 | SMITH MILL HOLLOW | 3,978 | 77 km |
| 1999 | STEGALL99 | 3,415 | 87 km |
| 2013 | UNNAMED | 3,313 | 67 km |
| 2005 | UNNAMED | 3,252 | 88 km |
| 2021 | VICTORY 1-7 | 3,237 | 71 km |
| 2021 | COUNCIL BLUFF | 3,035 | 57 km |
| 2022 | LITTLE CREEK | 3,004 | 88 km |
| 2013 | UNNAMED | 2,963 | 78 km |
| 2021 | HODGE HOLLOW | 2,922 | 91 km |
| 2024 | COUNCIL BLUFF WEST RX | 2,846 | 57 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 30°F (-1°C) | 2.6 in | Coldest, Driest |
| February | 35°F (2°C) | 2.8 in | |
| March | 45°F (7°C) | 4.5 in | Wettest |
| April | 55°F (13°C) | 4.3 in | |
| May | 64°F (18°C) | 4.5 in | |
| June | 72°F (22°C) | 3.5 in | |
| July | 77°F (25°C) | 3.8 in | Warmest |
| August | 76°F (24°C) | 4.0 in | |
| September | 69°F (20°C) | 3.6 in | |
| October | 58°F (14°C) | 2.8 in | |
| November | 46°F (8°C) | 4.2 in | |
| December | 36°F (2°C) | 4.0 in |
Madison has a seasonal temperature swing of 47°F / from 30°F in January to 77°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 44.5 inches, with March being the wettest month (4.5") and January the driest (2.6").