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Weather & Climate in Madison, NE
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Madison experiences four distinct seasons with an average annual temperature of 49°F (9°C). Winters average 21°F in January while summers reach 74°F in July. The area gets 308 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 28.2 inches (drier than the 38-inch national average). Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 32. The city sits at an elevation of 1,582 feet.
Temperature
21°F Jan (-6°C)
74°F Jul (23°C)
| Annual Average | 48.5°F |
| 10% below US avg | |
| January Average | 21°F (-6°C) |
| July Average | 74°F (23°C) |
| Sunny Days | 308 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 1,582 ft (482 m) |
| Area | 1.2 sq mi (3.0 km²) |
| Population Density | 1,758/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 41.8283°N, 97.4567°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | Madison County County |
| Nearest Airport | Norfolk Regional/Karl Stefan Memorial Field (OFK) 11 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 32.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Low |
| Risk Score | 60.9 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 16.3 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 49.0 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Relatively Moderate |
| Earthquake | Very Low |
| Wildfire | Relatively Low |
| Flood | Relatively Low |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Moderate |
| Heat Wave | Very Low |
| Winter Weather | Relatively High |
| Lightning | Relatively Low |
| Ice Storm | Relatively High |
| Drought | Relatively Moderate |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low |
| Landslide | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
8 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M3.6.
| Feb 6, 1996 | 1 km N of Wausa, Nebraska | M3.6 | 77 km | 5 km |
| Aug 9, 1997 | 9 km NW of Clarkson, Nebraska | M3.4 | 23 km | 5 km |
| Jun 20, 2002 | 8 km NE of Scotia, Nebraska | M3.3 | 103 km | 5 km |
| Jan 4, 2021 | 5 km N of Tyndall, South Dakota | M3.1 | 139 km | 5 km |
| Jul 18, 1990 | 10 km SSW of Ord, Nebraska | M3.0 | 129 km | 5 km |
| Jan 1, 2020 | 2 km E of Chambers, Nebraska | M2.8 | 113 km | 10 km |
| Feb 5, 2025 | 8 km SSE of Tilden, Nebraska | M2.7 | 33 km | 5 km |
| Mar 6, 2024 | 6 km SSE of Santee, Nebraska | M2.5 | 111 km | 5 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
578 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 10 fatalities, 304 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Jun 16, 2014 | EF4 | 13 km | 12.1 mi | 0 |
| Jun 16, 2014 | EF4 | 30 km | 23.9 mi | 1 |
| Jun 16, 2014 | EF4 | 38 km | 11.5 mi | 1 |
| Jun 16, 2014 | EF4 | 59 km | 15.8 mi | 0 |
| Oct 4, 2013 | EF4 | 46 km | 18.3 mi | 0 |
| Jun 23, 2003 | EF4 | 76 km | 13.0 mi | 1 |
| Apr 7, 1978 | EF4 | 72 km | 8.0 mi | 0 |
| Jul 7, 1977 | EF4 | 72 km | 22.6 mi | 0 |
| May 6, 1975 | EF4 | 42 km | 4.1 mi | 0 |
| May 5, 1964 | EF4 | 90 km | 51.2 mi | 0 |
| May 30, 1954 | EF4 | 25 km | 29.9 mi | 6 |
| Aug 13, 1952 | EF4 | 100 km | 26.7 mi | 0 |
| Jul 15, 1950 | EF4 | 71 km | 10.0 mi | 0 |
| Jun 17, 2014 | EF3 | 81 km | 4.0 mi | 0 |
| Oct 4, 2013 | EF3 | 76 km | 6.4 mi | 0 |
| Jun 20, 2011 | EF3 | 86 km | 9.5 mi | 0 |
| Oct 9, 2001 | EF3 | 91 km | 18.0 mi | 0 |
| May 27, 1991 | EF3 | 82 km | 6.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 19, 1979 | EF3 | 89 km | 10.8 mi | 0 |
| May 4, 1977 | EF3 | 37 km | 7.6 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
2 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: UNNAMED (2,911 acres, 1995).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 1995 | UNNAMED | 2,911 | 85 km |
| 2000 | UNNAMED | 2,456 | 95 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 21°F (-6°C) | 0.5 in | Coldest, Driest |
| February | 26°F (-3°C) | 0.8 in | |
| March | 37°F (3°C) | 2.0 in | |
| April | 50°F (10°C) | 2.6 in | |
| May | 61°F (16°C) | 4.1 in | |
| June | 71°F (22°C) | 4.3 in | Wettest |
| July | 74°F (23°C) | 3.4 in | Warmest |
| August | 73°F (23°C) | 3.1 in | |
| September | 64°F (18°C) | 2.7 in | |
| October | 51°F (11°C) | 2.0 in | |
| November | 35°F (2°C) | 1.3 in | |
| December | 24°F (-4°C) | 0.8 in |
Madison has a seasonal temperature swing of 53°F / from 21°F in January to 74°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 27.5 inches, with June being the wettest month (4.3") and January the driest (0.5").