Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Martinsburg experiences four distinct seasons with an average annual temperature of 54°F (12°C). Winters average 32°F in January while summers reach 76°F in July. The area gets 293 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 41.4 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 39. The city sits at an elevation of 496 feet.
Temperature
32°F Jan (0°C)76°F Jul (24°C)
Annual Average
53.9°F
0% below US avg
January Average
32°F (0°C)
July Average
76°F (24°C)
Sunny Days
293 days/yr
Geography
Elevation
496 ft (151 m)
Area
2.6 sq mi (6.7 km²)
Population Density
2,836/sq mi
Coordinates
39.4578°N, 77.9782°W
Timezone
America/New_York
County
Jefferson County County
Nearest Airport
Eastern Wv Regional/Shepherd Field (MRB) 4 miles away
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall41.4"
9% above US avg
Wettest Month (May)4.02"
Driest Month (Feb)2.44"
Air Quality
AQI Median
39.0
Rating
Good
Natural Hazard Risk
Overall Risk
Relatively Low
Risk Score
47.8 / 100
Social Vulnerability
15.8 / 100
Community Resilience
52.9 / 100
Hazard Breakdown
Tornado
Relatively Low
Hurricane
Relatively Low
Earthquake
Relatively Low
Wildfire
Very Low
Flood
Relatively Low
Hail
Relatively Low
Strong Wind
Relatively Moderate
Heat Wave
Relatively Low
Winter Weather
Relatively Low
Lightning
Relatively Low
Ice Storm
Very Low
Drought
Relatively Moderate
Cold Wave
Very Low
Landslide
Very Low
Avalanche
Very Low
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
15 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest on record: M3.6.
Jul 16, 2010
5 km NNW of Barnesville, Maryland
M3.6
54 km
7 km
Jun 13, 2019
9 km N of Blain, Pennsylvania
M3.4
115 km
27 km
Jun 3, 2010
4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania
M3.1
111 km
2 km
Jan 17, 2016
3 km NE of Ranson, West Virginia
M3.0
20 km
5 km
Apr 24, 2009
1 km S of Franklintown, Pennsylvania
M2.9
106 km
1 km
Sep 15, 2019
5 km ESE of East Berlin, Pennsylvania
M2.8
105 km
5 km
Oct 25, 2009
4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania
M2.8
111 km
1 km
Mar 15, 1993
5 km W of Columbia, Maryland
M2.7
96 km
5 km
Oct 28, 1994
1 km E of Mount Vernon, Maryland
M2.7
120 km
—
Jan 13, 1990
6 km ENE of Eldersburg, Maryland
M2.6
94 km
5 km
Jun 25, 2021
2 km SE of Woodlawn, Maryland
M2.6
110 km
3 km
Jul 27, 1997
5 km SSE of Culpeper, Virginia
M2.5
114 km
19 km
Jun 25, 2001
8 km S of Remington, Virginia
M2.5
112 km
5 km
Sep 29, 1997
Virginia
M2.5
85 km
3 km
Mar 10, 1993
3 km WSW of Columbia, Maryland
M2.5
98 km
5 km
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Hurricane History
1 hurricane (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980.
Strongest on record: Category 1.
Year
Name
Category
Max Wind
Closest
2011
Irene
Category 1
75 mph
299 km
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980–2026).
Tornado History
309 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 1 fatality, 161 injuries.
Date
Rating
Distance
Path
Fatalities
Sep 24, 2001
EF4
99 km
10.0 mi
0
May 31, 1998
EF3
100 km
13.0 mi
1
Jul 19, 1996
EF3
86 km
2.2 mi
0
May 22, 1983
EF3
68 km
2.0 mi
0
Jun 7, 1980
EF3
97 km
1.5 mi
0
Apr 1, 1973
EF3
92 km
9.8 mi
0
Apr 16, 1961
EF3
77 km
0.1 mi
0
Apr 5, 1952
EF3
94 km
17.5 mi
0
Apr 19, 2019
EF2
51 km
2.9 mi
0
Nov 2, 2018
EF2
70 km
5.5 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
11 km
2.0 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
87 km
13.0 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
36 km
5.0 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
37 km
3.0 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
85 km
15.0 mi
0
Sep 17, 2004
EF2
95 km
8.0 mi
0
Sep 24, 2001
EF2
91 km
5.0 mi
0
Jun 2, 1998
EF2
93 km
15.0 mi
0
Jul 19, 1996
EF2
25 km
2.0 mi
0
Jun 24, 1996
EF2
78 km
20.0 mi
0
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
15 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km.
Largest: WAITES RUN (5,496 acres, 2024).
Year
Name
Acres Burned
Distance
2024
WAITES RUN
5,496
71 km
2019
UNNAMED
2,460
98 km
2012
NEIGHBOR MTN FIRE
1,986
91 km
2011
SMITH RUN FIRE
1,908
74 km
2020
UNNAMED
1,572
82 km
2012
POINT 2
1,126
72 km
2024
ROCKY BRANCH
1,018
89 km
2014
BEAR DEN
945
73 km
2024
SERENITY RIDGE FIRE
877
94 km
2019
KENNEDY PEAK
769
88 km
2012
WOLF GAP
710
84 km
1984
UNNAMED
696
65 km
2022
UNNAMED
618
87 km
2001
SOUTH BRANCH
519
86 km
2005
UNNAMED
510
81 km
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
Month
Avg Temperature
Precipitation
Summary
January
32°F (0°C)
2.6 in
Coldest
February
34°F (1°C)
2.4 in
Driest
March
42°F (6°C)
3.3 in
April
52°F (11°C)
3.2 in
May
62°F (17°C)
4.0 in
Wettest
June
71°F (21°C)
3.7 in
July
76°F (24°C)
3.7 in
Warmest
August
74°F (23°C)
3.4 in
September
67°F (19°C)
3.3 in
October
55°F (13°C)
3.3 in
November
45°F (7°C)
3.2 in
December
35°F (2°C)
2.8 in
Martinsburg has a seasonal temperature swing of 43°F / from 32°F in January to 76°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 38.9 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.0") and February the driest (2.4").