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Weather & Climate in Olney, MD

Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.

Olney enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 56°F (13°C). Winters average 35°F in January while summers reach 78°F in July. The area gets 293 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 41.3 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 41. The city sits at an elevation of 509 feet.

Temperature

35°F Jan (1°C) 78°F Jul (26°C)
Annual Average56.2°F
4% above US avg
January Average35°F (1°C)
July Average78°F (26°C)
Sunny Days293 days/yr

Geography

Elevation509 ft (155 m)
Area16.3 sq mi (42.1 km²)
Population Density2,225/sq mi
Coordinates39.1443°N, 77.0714°W
TimezoneAmerica/New_York
CountyMontgomery County County
Nearest AirportRonald Reagan Washington Ntl (DCA)
20 miles away

Precipitation & Snow

Annual Rainfall 41.3"
9% above US avg
Wettest Month (May) 4.37"
Driest Month (Feb) 2.83"

Air Quality

AQI Median41.0
RatingGood

Natural Hazard Risk

Overall RiskRelatively Moderate
Risk Score91.7 / 100
Social Vulnerability19.9 / 100
Community Resilience63.6 / 100

Hazard Breakdown

Tornado Relatively Moderate
Hurricane Relatively Moderate
Earthquake Relatively Moderate
Wildfire Very Low
Flood Relatively High
Hail Relatively High
Strong Wind Relatively High
Heat Wave Relatively High
Winter Weather Very High
Lightning Relatively High
Ice Storm Relatively Moderate
Drought Relatively Moderate
Cold Wave Relatively Moderate
Landslide Relatively Low
Coastal Flood Very Low
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)

Earthquake History

23 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M3.6.

Jul 16, 2010 5 km NNW of Barnesville, Maryland M3.6 32 km 7 km
Jun 13, 2019 9 km N of Blain, Pennsylvania M3.4 147 km 27 km
Oct 23, 1990 3 km W of Hancocks Bridge, New Jersey M3.2 141 km 10 km
Jun 3, 2010 4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania M3.1 105 km 2 km
Jan 17, 2016 3 km NE of Ranson, West Virginia M3.0 68 km 5 km
Oct 2, 2010 10 km NNW of Ashland, Virginia M3.0 149 km 19 km
Nov 14, 1997 0 km S of Rothsville, Pennsylvania M3.0 132 km 5 km
Apr 24, 2009 1 km S of Franklintown, Pennsylvania M2.9 102 km 1 km
Sep 15, 2019 5 km ESE of East Berlin, Pennsylvania M2.8 88 km 5 km
Jul 1, 2009 3 km ESE of Pennsville, New Jersey M2.8 147 km 5 km
Oct 25, 2009 4 km ENE of Franklintown, Pennsylvania M2.8 106 km 1 km
Mar 15, 1993 5 km W of Columbia, Maryland M2.7 18 km 5 km
Mar 11, 1995 0 km ENE of Landisville, Pennsylvania M2.7 121 km 5 km
Oct 28, 1994 1 km E of Mount Vernon, Maryland M2.7 44 km —
Oct 28, 1996 2 km W of Reinholds, Pennsylvania M2.6 148 km 5 km
Jan 18, 1994 3 km SE of Clay, Pennsylvania M2.6 137 km 5 km
Jun 25, 2021 2 km SE of Woodlawn, Maryland M2.6 36 km 3 km
Jan 13, 1990 6 km ENE of Eldersburg, Maryland M2.6 35 km 5 km
Aug 25, 2011 7 km SE of Mineral, Virginia M2.6 149 km 6 km
Sep 29, 1997 Virginia M2.5 49 km 3 km
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.

Hurricane History

5 hurricanes (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980. Strongest on record: Category 2.

Year Name Category Max Wind Closest
2011 Irene Category 1 75 mph 214 km
2003 Isabel Category 1 75 mph 277 km
1999 Floyd Category 1 — 274 km
1986 Charley Category 1 81 mph 254 km
1985 Gloria Category 2 98 mph 238 km
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980–2026).

Tornado History

487 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 9 fatalities, 381 injuries.

Date Rating Distance Path Fatalities
Apr 28, 2002 EF4 67 km 38.0 mi 3
Sep 17, 2004 EF3 94 km 9.0 mi 0
Sep 24, 2001 EF3 25 km 17.5 mi 2
Jul 19, 1996 EF3 40 km 2.2 mi 0
May 22, 1983 EF3 64 km 2.0 mi 0
Jun 7, 1980 EF3 88 km 1.5 mi 0
Sep 5, 1979 EF3 41 km 17.9 mi 1
Jan 26, 1978 EF3 74 km 0.7 mi 1
Apr 1, 1973 EF3 44 km 9.8 mi 0
Jun 9, 1961 EF3 39 km 0.1 mi 0
Apr 5, 1952 EF3 73 km 17.5 mi 0
Sep 1, 2021 EF2 53 km 11.4 mi 0
Nov 2, 2018 EF2 24 km 5.5 mi 0
Jul 23, 2017 EF2 66 km 2.4 mi 0
May 8, 2008 EF2 96 km 3.4 mi 0
Sep 18, 2004 EF2 86 km 2.0 mi 0
Sep 17, 2004 EF2 77 km 13.0 mi 0
Sep 17, 2004 EF2 95 km 5.0 mi 0
Sep 17, 2004 EF2 85 km 8.0 mi 0
Sep 17, 2004 EF2 66 km 4.0 mi 0
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).

Wildfire History

1 wildfire (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: NCO (816 acres, 1999).

Year Name Acres Burned Distance
1999 NCO 816 71 km
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).

Monthly Weather

Month Avg Temperature Precipitation Summary
January 35°F (1°C) 3.1 in Coldest
February 35°F (2°C) 2.8 in Driest
March 44°F (7°C) 3.7 in
April 54°F (12°C) 3.4 in
May 64°F (18°C) 4.4 in Wettest
June 72°F (22°C) 3.7 in
July 78°F (26°C) 4.0 in Warmest
August 75°F (24°C) 3.8 in
September 68°F (20°C) 3.9 in
October 57°F (14°C) 3.4 in
November 47°F (8°C) 3.5 in
December 38°F (3°C) 3.3 in

Olney has a seasonal temperature swing of 44°F / from 35°F in January to 78°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 42.9 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.4") and February the driest (2.8").

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