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Weather & Climate in Rosebud, MT
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Rosebud experiences four distinct seasons with an average annual temperature of 47°F (8°C). Winters average 22°F in January while summers reach 73°F in July. The area gets 273 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 16.0 inches (drier than the 38-inch national average). The area receives 34.6 inches of snow annually, a moderate snowfall amount. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 4 / among the cleanest air in the country. 96% of days have good air quality. The city sits at an elevation of 2,605 feet.
Temperature
22°F Jan (-6°C)
73°F Jul (23°C)
| Annual Average | 46.7°F |
| 14% below US avg | |
| January Average | 22°F (-6°C) |
| July Average | 73°F (23°C) |
| Sunny Days | 273 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 2,605 ft (794 m) |
| Area | 0.8 sq mi (2.0 km²) |
| Population Density | 70/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 46.2698°N, 106.4541°W |
| Timezone | America/Denver |
| County | Rosebud County County |
| Nearest Airport | Billings Logan International (BIL) 105 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 4.0 |
| Rating | Good |
| Good Days % | 96.5% |
| Unhealthy Days | 0 |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Low |
| Risk Score | 49.7 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 97.4 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 0.9 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Very Low |
| Earthquake | Very Low |
| Wildfire | Relatively Moderate |
| Flood | Relatively Low |
| Hail | Relatively Low |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Low |
| Heat Wave | Very Low |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Moderate |
| Lightning | Relatively Low |
| Ice Storm | Very Low |
| Drought | Relatively Low |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate |
| Landslide | Relatively Low |
| Avalanche | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
12 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M4.0.
| Aug 22, 2009 | 20 km SSE of Birney, Montana | M4.0 | 126 km | 14 km |
| Jul 6, 2021 | 27 km SSE of Melstone, Montana | M3.6 | 100 km | 10 km |
| Dec 23, 1991 | 10 km SW of Colstrip, Montana | M3.6 | 54 km | 5 km |
| Nov 3, 1999 | 8 km NNW of Broadus, Montana | M3.5 | 114 km | 10 km |
| May 25, 2018 | 45 km W of Biddle, Montana | M2.9 | 139 km | 16 km |
| May 21, 2013 | 32 km NE of Melstone, Montana | M2.8 | 99 km | 7 km |
| Mar 30, 2018 | 20 km NNE of Sheridan, Wyoming | M2.8 | 149 km | 5 km |
| Jan 15, 2023 | 6 km NE of Ashland, Montana | M2.8 | 74 km | 11 km |
| Aug 7, 2022 | 38 km N of Arvada, Wyoming | M2.8 | 146 km | 11 km |
| May 19, 2017 | 6 km ESE of Birney, Montana | M2.7 | 109 km | 3 km |
| Jun 2, 2019 | 14 km WSW of Birney, Montana | M2.6 | 111 km | 5 km |
| Apr 22, 2018 | 8 km ENE of Ashland, Montana | M2.6 | 77 km | 5 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
29 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF2. Total: 3 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Jun 25, 1975 | EF2 | 63 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jun 7, 2018 | EF1 | 83 km | 0.8 mi | 0 |
| Jul 8, 2013 | EF1 | 54 km | 0.6 mi | 0 |
| May 20, 2011 | EF1 | 99 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jun 13, 1984 | EF1 | 91 km | 1.0 mi | 0 |
| Jun 14, 1980 | EF1 | 17 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 6, 1955 | EF1 | 63 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 2014 | EF0 | 56 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 2014 | EF0 | 75 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 5, 2000 | EF0 | 100 km | 0.5 mi | 0 |
| Jul 5, 2000 | EF0 | 98 km | 0.5 mi | 0 |
| Aug 15, 1999 | EF0 | 33 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Aug 23, 1998 | EF0 | 81 km | 7.0 mi | 0 |
| Aug 23, 1998 | EF0 | 85 km | 7.0 mi | 0 |
| Jun 24, 1996 | EF0 | 65 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Aug 26, 1995 | EF0 | 47 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Aug 13, 1993 | EF0 | 72 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 24, 1993 | EF0 | 44 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 20, 1993 | EF0 | 80 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 2, 1993 | EF0 | 13 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: ASH CREEK (253,413 acres, 2012).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 2012 | ASH CREEK | 253,413 | 73 km |
| 2021 | RICHARD SPRING | 168,765 | 62 km |
| 2012 | CHALKY | 132,680 | 63 km |
| 2006 | PINE RIDGE COMPLEX | 103,074 | 98 km |
| 2017 | SARTIN DRAW | 91,570 | 57 km |
| 2012 | SARPY HILLS COMPLEX | 83,942 | 93 km |
| 2021 | P F | 66,375 | 92 km |
| 2000 | STAG | 62,381 | 100 km |
| 1994 | BABY DEAN | 61,955 | 89 km |
| 2020 | SARPY | 51,619 | 80 km |
| 2020 | SNIDER | 33,246 | 55 km |
| 2003 | LITTLEHAWK | 27,926 | 79 km |
| 1996 | ROSEBUD CREEK | 25,174 | 31 km |
| 2006 | HORTON | 25,108 | 26 km |
| 2021 | MUSSELSHELL TRAIL RD | 22,723 | 98 km |
| 1988 | EARLYBIRD | 21,730 | 67 km |
| 2011 | BLACK SPRINGS COMPLEX | 19,473 | 74 km |
| 2006 | WATT DRAW | 17,594 | 92 km |
| 2020 | RICE | 15,883 | 69 km |
| 1988 | SCHILLER | 15,533 | 75 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 22°F (-6°C) | 0.5 in | Coldest |
| February | 26°F (-3°C) | 0.4 in | Driest |
| March | 36°F (2°C) | 0.6 in | |
| April | 46°F (8°C) | 1.4 in | |
| May | 56°F (13°C) | 2.3 in | |
| June | 66°F (19°C) | 2.4 in | Wettest |
| July | 73°F (23°C) | 1.2 in | Warmest |
| August | 71°F (22°C) | 1.0 in | |
| September | 60°F (15°C) | 1.2 in | |
| October | 48°F (9°C) | 0.9 in | |
| November | 33°F (0°C) | 0.5 in | |
| December | 22°F (-6°C) | 0.5 in |
Rosebud has a seasonal temperature swing of 51°F / from 22°F in January to 73°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 12.9 inches, with June being the wettest month (2.4") and February the driest (0.4").