Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Sonora enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 58°F (14°C). Winters average 44°F in January while summers reach 75°F in July. The area gets 317 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 32.8 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 48. The city sits at an elevation of 1,833 feet.
Temperature
44°F Jan (7°C)75°F Jul (24°C)
Annual Average
57.7°F
7% above US avg
January Average
44°F (7°C)
July Average
75°F (24°C)
Sunny Days
317 days/yr
Geography
Elevation
1,833 ft (559 m)
Area
3.1 sq mi (7.9 km²)
Population Density
1,571/sq mi
Coordinates
37.9817°N, 120.3828°W
Timezone
America/Los_Angeles
County
Merced County County
Nearest Airport
Merced Yosemite Regional (MCE) 48 miles away
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall32.8"
14% below US avg
Snowfall0.0"
Wettest Month (Jan)5.20"
Driest Month (Jul)0.08"
Air Quality
AQI Median
48.0
Rating
Good
Natural Hazard Risk
Overall Risk
Relatively High
Risk Score
96.9 / 100
Social Vulnerability
61.7 / 100
Community Resilience
7.3 / 100
Hazard Breakdown
Tornado
Relatively Low
Earthquake
Relatively High
Wildfire
Relatively Moderate
Flood
Relatively High
Hail
Relatively Low
Strong Wind
Relatively Low
Heat Wave
Relatively High
Winter Weather
Very Low
Lightning
Relatively High
Drought
Very High
Cold Wave
No Rating
Landslide
Very Low
Volcano
Very Low
Avalanche
Very Low
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
5,626 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest on record: M6.1.
Sep 12, 1994
4 km S of Carter Springs, Nevada
M6.1
113 km
14 km
Jul 8, 2021
Antelope Valley, CA
M6.0
97 km
7 km
Oct 24, 1990
3 km NE of Mono City, California
M5.8
111 km
11 km
May 15, 1999
9 km WSW of Aspen Springs, California
M5.5
147 km
3 km
Sep 18, 2004
27 km NW of Benton, California
M5.4
149 km
3 km
Apr 11, 2020
30km SE of Bodie, CA
M5.2
145 km
8 km
Sep 12, 1994
8 km ESE of Mesa Vista, California
M5.1
106 km
-1 km
Jul 8, 2021
32km SE of Markleeville, CA
M5.0
97 km
7 km
Jan 16, 1993
9 km E of Gilroy, California
M4.9
143 km
7 km
Jun 9, 1998
8 km WNW of Aspen Springs, California
M4.9
146 km
5 km
Jul 15, 1998
8 km W of Aspen Springs, California
M4.9
146 km
4 km
Nov 30, 1997
2 km ESE of Mammoth Lakes, California
M4.9
132 km
5 km
Dec 22, 1995
California-Nevada border region
M4.9
105 km
4 km
Nov 22, 1997
3 km ESE of Mammoth Lakes, California
M4.9
133 km
5 km
Dec 31, 1997
9 km ESE of Mammoth Lakes, California
M4.8
139 km
4 km
Oct 30, 1998
4 km N of Tahoe Vista, California
M4.8
148 km
1 km
Dec 28, 1995
9 km WNW of Topaz Lake, Nevada
M4.8
103 km
-1 km
Jun 26, 2005
8 km NNW of Tahoe Vista, California
M4.8
149 km
-2 km
Apr 26, 2008
27km SE of Smith Valley, NV
M4.7
130 km
4 km
Dec 23, 1995
8 km WNW of Topaz Lake, Nevada
M4.7
106 km
-1 km
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990-2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
57 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest on record: EF2. Total: 1 injury.
Date
Rating
Distance
Path
Fatalities
Apr 27, 1953
EF2
66 km
0.1 mi
0
Mar 11, 2023
EF1
14 km
0.8 mi
0
Jan 10, 2023
EF1
35 km
0.4 mi
0
Nov 15, 2015
EF1
63 km
3.0 mi
0
Apr 14, 2006
EF1
66 km
0.5 mi
0
Dec 16, 2002
EF1
74 km
1.3 mi
0
Dec 12, 1996
EF1
47 km
0.6 mi
0
Nov 22, 1996
EF1
73 km
0.2 mi
0
Jan 14, 1995
EF1
96 km
1.0 mi
0
Apr 19, 1988
EF1
70 km
0.2 mi
0
Mar 4, 1978
EF1
55 km
2.5 mi
0
Mar 4, 1978
EF1
75 km
1.0 mi
0
Mar 1, 1978
EF1
59 km
1.5 mi
0
May 31, 1967
EF1
80 km
0.1 mi
0
Apr 1, 1958
EF1
67 km
2.0 mi
0
Jan 14, 2023
EF0
76 km
0.3 mi
0
Nov 8, 2022
EF0
91 km
0.8 mi
0
Nov 18, 2020
EF0
90 km
4.4 mi
0
May 18, 2020
EF0
74 km
0.1 mi
0
Feb 2, 2019
EF0
77 km
0.2 mi
0
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950-2024, US only).
Nearby Volcanoes
3 volcanoes within 200 km.
Closest: Mono Lake Volcanic Field (119 km).
Name
Type
Elevation
Last Eruption
Distance
Mono Lake Volcanic Field
Pyroclastic cone(s)
2,121 m (6,959 ft)
1790
119 km
Mono-Inyo Craters
Lava dome(s)
2,796 m (9,173 ft)
1380
120 km
Mammoth Mountain
Lava dome(s)
3,369 m (11,053 ft)
1260
125 km
Source: Smithsonian Institution Global Volcanism Program (GVP).
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km.
Largest: RIM (257,084 acres, 2013).
Year
Name
Acres Burned
Distance
2013
RIM
257,084
37 km
2021
CALDOR
226,583
83 km
2018
FERGUSON
97,307
64 km
2017
DETWILER
83,297
53 km
2015
BUTTE
72,894
37 km
2021
TAMARACK
70,171
100 km
1996
ACKERSON COMPLEX (ACKERSON)
58,161
50 km
1987
PAPER
49,296
23 km
1987
LARSON
49,250
48 km
1987
HAMM
39,333
35 km
2018
DONNELL
36,151
66 km
2008
TELEGRAPH
33,479
53 km
2020
SLINK
26,437
93 km
2002
CANNON
23,605
98 km
1992
CLEVELAND
21,835
95 km
2022
OAK
19,408
67 km
2015
WASHINGTON
18,485
95 km
1992
GULCH
18,019
24 km
1990
A-ROCK
17,706
61 km
1996
ROGGE
17,559
25 km
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
Month
Avg Temperature
Precipitation
Summary
January
44°F (7°C)
5.2 in
Coldest, Wettest
February
48°F (9°C)
4.7 in
March
50°F (10°C)
4.7 in
April
55°F (13°C)
2.6 in
May
62°F (16°C)
0.6 in
June
70°F (21°C)
0.2 in
July
75°F (24°C)
0.1 in
Driest
August
77°F (25°C)
0.2 in
Warmest
September
72°F (22°C)
0.5 in
October
63°F (17°C)
1.6 in
November
52°F (11°C)
4.4 in
December
45°F (7°C)
4.2 in
Sonora has a seasonal temperature swing of 33°F / from 44°F in January to 77°F in August. Total annual precipitation is 28.9 inches, with January being the wettest month (5.2") and July the driest (0.1").