Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Vandalia experiences four distinct seasons with an average annual temperature of 49°F (9°C). Winters average 24°F in January while summers reach 71°F in July. The area gets 275 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 39.7 inches. The area receives 41.2 inches of snow annually, making winter weather a significant factor for residents. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 38. The city sits at an elevation of 863 feet.
Temperature
24°F Jan (-5°C)71°F Jul (22°C)
Annual Average
48.5°F
10% below US avg
January Average
24°F (-5°C)
July Average
71°F (22°C)
Sunny Days
275 days/yr
Geography
Elevation
863 ft (263 m)
Area
1.0 sq mi (2.6 km²)
Population Density
373/sq mi
Coordinates
41.9228°N, 85.9156°W
Timezone
America/Detroit
County
St. Joseph County County
Nearest Airport
South Bend International (SBN) 25 miles away
Precipitation & Snow
Annual Rainfall39.7"
4% above US avg
Snowfall41.2"
Wettest Month (Sep)3.86"
Driest Month (Feb)1.73"
Air Quality
AQI Median
38.0
Rating
Good
Natural Hazard Risk
Overall Risk
Relatively Low
Risk Score
58.6 / 100
Social Vulnerability
48.9 / 100
Community Resilience
66.5 / 100
Hazard Breakdown
Tornado
Relatively Low
Hurricane
Very Low
Earthquake
Relatively Low
Wildfire
Very Low
Flood
Relatively Low
Hail
Relatively Moderate
Strong Wind
Relatively Moderate
Heat Wave
Very Low
Winter Weather
Relatively Low
Lightning
Relatively Moderate
Ice Storm
Relatively Low
Drought
Relatively Low
Cold Wave
Relatively Low
Landslide
Very Low
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
5 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest on record: M4.2.
May 2, 2015
5 km S of Galesburg, Michigan
M4.2
53 km
4 km
Sep 2, 1994
5 km SSW of DeWitt, Michigan
M3.5
145 km
5 km
Jun 30, 2015
5 km NNE of Burlington, Michigan
M3.3
76 km
5 km
Jan 26, 2012
5 km NE of Topeka, Indiana
M3.0
52 km
5 km
Jun 12, 2015
6 km NW of Convoy, Ohio
M2.6
144 km
5 km
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Tornado History
403 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest on record: EF5. Total: 160 fatalities, 2,136 injuries.
Date
Rating
Distance
Path
Fatalities
Apr 3, 1956
EF5
85 km
58.8 mi
17
Apr 2, 1977
EF4
50 km
12.4 mi
0
Apr 2, 1977
EF4
93 km
16.6 mi
1
Apr 11, 1965
EF4
77 km
80.5 mi
21
Apr 11, 1965
EF4
47 km
21.2 mi
31
Apr 11, 1965
EF4
38 km
21.6 mi
5
Apr 11, 1965
EF4
65 km
90.3 mi
23
Apr 11, 1965
EF4
45 km
37.0 mi
36
Oct 18, 2007
EF3
72 km
20.3 mi
0
Oct 24, 2001
EF3
54 km
47.0 mi
1
Mar 27, 1991
EF3
98 km
2.0 mi
0
Mar 27, 1991
EF3
83 km
21.0 mi
1
May 15, 1986
EF3
78 km
1.2 mi
0
May 13, 1980
EF3
42 km
21.0 mi
0
May 13, 1980
EF3
45 km
10.6 mi
5
Mar 12, 1976
EF3
91 km
12.6 mi
0
Mar 12, 1976
EF3
94 km
12.1 mi
0
Apr 3, 1974
EF3
67 km
36.2 mi
5
Nov 26, 1965
EF3
54 km
1.0 mi
0
Apr 11, 1965
EF3
56 km
14.2 mi
0
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Tsunami History
1 tsunami recorded within 500 km.
Highest wave on record: 3.0 m (10 ft).
Year
Location
Cause
Max Wave
Deaths
Distance
1954
MICHIGAN CITY, IN (LAKE MICHIGAN)
Avalanche
3.0 m
7
84 km
Source: NOAA/NCEI Historical Tsunami Database.
Wildfire History
1 wildfire (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km.
Largest: ALLEGAN6 (1,077 acres, 1988).
Year
Name
Acres Burned
Distance
1988
ALLEGAN6
1,077
73 km
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
Month
Avg Temperature
Precipitation
Summary
January
24°F (-5°C)
2.1 in
Coldest
February
26°F (-3°C)
1.7 in
Driest
March
36°F (2°C)
2.7 in
April
47°F (9°C)
3.6 in
May
59°F (15°C)
3.4 in
June
68°F (20°C)
3.7 in
July
71°F (22°C)
3.7 in
Warmest
August
70°F (21°C)
3.6 in
September
63°F (17°C)
3.9 in
Wettest
October
51°F (11°C)
3.1 in
November
40°F (4°C)
3.2 in
December
28°F (-2°C)
3.0 in
Vandalia has a seasonal temperature swing of 48°F / from 24°F in January to 71°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 37.6 inches, with September being the wettest month (3.9") and February the driest (1.7").
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