Median Income
$47,000
37% lower than US avg
Home Value
$92,900
67% lower than US avg
Violent Crime
909/100K
139% higher than US avg
Bachelor's+
8.5%
75% lower than US avg
Median Rent
$750
36% lower than US avg
Obesity Rate
37.2%
16% higher than US avg
Unemployment
5.0%
39% higher than US avg
Poverty Rate
13.6%
10% higher than US avg
How Porter Compares to the U.S. Average (100% = U.S. avg)
People
Population571
Median Age38.1 yrs
Density334/mi²
Male / Female46% / 54%
Largest GroupWhite 64%
Veterans10.7%
Economy
B
Median Income$47,000
Per Capita$24,679
Unemployment5.0%
Poverty13.6%
County GDP$1,998M
Commute27 min
Housing
A+
Home Value$92,900
Rent$750
Ownership65.2%
Zillow$288,056
Housing Units287
Rent Burden20.1%
Crime
F
Violent909/100K
Property4,339/100K
Health
Obesity37.2%
Uninsured10.4%
Smoking18.1%
Depression26.5%
Heart Disease6.1%
Climate
Avg Temp60°F (16°C)
AQI45 (Good)
Sunny Days318/yr
Elevation611 ft (186 m)
Education
D
Bachelor's+8.5%
High School+82.8%
Graduate+2.0%
School Score5.07
Community
2024 VoteR 74% / D 24%
Commute27 min
Broadband67.4%
EV Stations1
Libraries2
Is Porter a Good Place to Live?
Based on current data, Porter receives an overall livability score of 2.7 out of 5.0, earning a grade of C+. Key strengths include affordable housing, abundant sunshine. Areas to be aware of include elevated crime rates, below-average incomes. Porter has some notable strengths but also faces challenges that prospective residents should consider.
Economy & Jobs
The median household income in Porter is $47,000, 37% below the national average of $75,149. The unemployment rate of 5.0% is somewhat elevated compared to the national rate of 3.6%. 13.6% of residents live in poverty, near the national average of 12.4%. Workers commute an average of 27 minutes.
Cost of Living & Housing
The median home value in Porter is $92,900, 67% below the national median / offering relatively affordable homeownership. Renters pay a median of $750 per month, below the national average / a plus for affordability. At just 2x median income, home prices are very affordable relative to local earnings.
Safety & Crime
With 909 violent crimes per 100,000 residents, public safety is a notable concern / this is significantly above the national average of 380. Property crime occurs at a rate of 4,339 per 100,000, 121% above the national average.
Education
8.5% of residents hold a bachelor's degree, below the national average of 33.7%. 82.8% have completed high school. Area schools have an average test score of 5.1/10.
Climate & Weather
Porter enjoys a moderate climate with an average annual temperature of 60°F. Winters average 37°F in January while summers reach 82°F in July. With 318 sunny days per year, residents enjoy well above the national average of sunshine. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 45.
Porter has a population of 571 with a density of 334 people per square mile, spread across 1.7 square miles. The median age is 38.1 years, 2% younger than the national median of 38.9. The gender split is 53.6% female and 46.4% male. The city is predominantly White (63.7%), with 28.2% Hispanic, 1.2% Black. English is the primary language spoken at home by 93.9% of residents, while 6.1% speak Spanish. 10.7% of the population are veterans, above the national rate of 6.0%. 28.6% of residents have a disability (above the 13.0% national average). 75.2% have health insurance coverage.
Population
38.1yrs
Median Age
2% below US avg
Language Spoken at Home
English Only
93.9%
20% above US avg
Spanish
6.1%
54% below US avg
The median household income in Porter is $47,000, which is 37% below the national average of $75,149. Per capita income is $24,679 (below the $39,052 national figure). The average weekly wage is $1,058, 26% lower than the U.S. average. The unemployment rate is 5.0% (above the 3.6% US average). 13.6% of residents live below the poverty line. The area has 1,140 business establishments, including 90 restaurants. The cost of living index is 87.8, below the national baseline of 100 / offering relatively affordable living. Workers commute an average of 27 minutes. 1.5% of workers work from home (below the 15.2% national rate).
Income
| Median HH Income | $47,000 |
| 37% below US avg |
| Per Capita Income | $24,679 |
| Avg Weekly Wage | $1,058 |
| IRS Avg AGI | $73,764 |
| Gini Index | 0.403 (0=equal, 1=unequal) |
Employment & Poverty
| Unemployment | 5.0% |
| 39% above US avg |
| Poverty Rate | 13.6% |
| 10% above US avg |
| Establishments (County) | 1,140 |
| County GDP | $1,998M |
Business (County)
| Restaurants | 90 |
| Healthcare | 90 |
| Retail | 122 |
| Manufacturing | 58 |
Tax & Cost of Living
| Property Tax (IRS) | $3,521 |
| 1% above US avg |
| Cost of Living | 87.80 (100=avg) |
| Effective Tax Rate | 3.79% |
Commute & Transportation
| Commute Time | 27.2 min |
| Drive Alone | 86.3% |
| Public Transit | 0.0% |
| Work from Home | 1.5% |
The median home value in Porter is $92,900, 67% below the national median of $281,900. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $288,056, higher than the Census estimate. Homes sell for 66% of their list price, suggesting buyers have room to negotiate. Monthly rent averages $750 (36% below the national average of $1,163). Fair market rent ranges from $791 for a one-bedroom to $995 for a two-bedroom apartment. 65.2% of housing units are owner-occupied. There are 287 total housing units in the city. The median year a home was built is 1985. The average annual property tax is $3,521. 20.1% of renters spend 30% or more of their income on housing. The home price-to-income ratio is 2x, well within the affordable range.
Home Values
| Census Median | $92,900 |
| 67% below US avg |
| Zillow ZHVI | $288,056 |
Real Estate Market (Redfin)
| $/Sq Ft | $23 |
| Homes Sold | 1 |
| Sale-to-List Ratio | 66.0% |
| Price Drops | 50.0% |
| Inventory | 2 |
Rental Costs
| Census Median Rent | $750 |
| 36% below US avg |
| Rent Burden | 20.1% |
HUD Fair Market Rent
| Studio | $744 |
| 1 Bedroom | $791 |
| 2 Bedrooms | $995 |
| 3 Bedrooms | $1,297 |
| 4 Bedrooms | $1,501 |
Ownership & Property
| Homeownership | 65.2% |
| Owner-Occupied | 65.2% |
| Renter-Occupied | 34.8% |
| Housing Units | 287 |
| Median Year Built | 1985 |
Property Tax
| Avg Tax (IRS) | $3,521 |
| 1% above US avg |
| Effective Rate | 3.79% |
In Porter, 37.2% of adults are obese, above the national rate of 32.1%. 10.9% have diabetes. Heart disease affects 6.1% of residents. 36.2% have high blood pressure. 18.1% are current smokers (above the 14.0% national rate). 15.8% report binge drinking. 29.8% are physically inactive, above the national average. 26.5% report depression (above the 20.0% national average). 19.2% experience frequent mental distress. 10.4% of residents lack health insurance (above the 8.6% national rate). The primary care physician ratio is 1:3,654. The dentist ratio is 1:5,776. 33.6% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The food environment index is 7.4 out of 10.
Health Metrics: Porter vs U.S. Average (%)
Chronic Conditions
| Obesity | 37.2% |
| 16% above US avg |
| Diabetes | 10.9% |
| Heart Disease | 6.1% |
| High Blood Pressure | 36.2% |
| Asthma | 12.1% |
| COPD | 7.4% |
| Cancer | 7.0% |
| Stroke | 3.3% |
Behaviors & Mental Health
| Smoking | 18.1% |
| 29% above US avg |
| Binge Drinking | 15.8% |
| Physical Inactivity | 29.8% |
| Depression | 26.5% |
| Mental Distress | 19.2% |
| Physical Distress | 14.0% |
| Short Sleep | 40.9% |
Healthcare Access
| Insurance Rate | 75.2% |
| Uninsured | 10.4% |
| 21% above US avg |
| Primary Care | 1:3,654 |
| Dentists | 1:5,776 |
| Mental Health | 1:687 |
| Checkup Rate | 76.0% |
| Dental Visits | 55.1% |
| Premature Death | 8,869/100K |
Food & Exercise
| Food Environment | 7.4/10 |
| Exercise Access | 33.6% |
| Healthcare Facilities | 90 |
Porter has a violent crime rate of 909 per 100,000 residents, 139% above the national average of 380. Property crime stands at 4,339 per 100,000, 121% above the U.S. average. The county recorded 13 fatal traffic crashes. The area has experienced 91 federally declared disasters. Overall, Porter receives a safety grade of F.
Crime Rates: Porter vs U.S. Average (per 100,000)
Violent Crime
| Total Violent | 909.2/100K |
| 139% above US avg |
| |
Property Crime
| Total Property | 4,338.8/100K |
| 121% above US avg |
Traffic Safety
| Fatal Crashes (County/yr) | 13 |
| Traffic Accidents | 1 |
| Avg Accident Severity | 2.0 / 4.0 |
| FEMA Disasters | 91 |
Safety Score
| Safety Grade | F |
| Safety Score | 1.0 / 5.0 |
Porter enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 60°F (16°C). Winters average 37°F in January while summers reach 82°F in July. The area gets 318 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 45. The city sits at an elevation of 611 feet.
Temperature
37°F Jan (3°C)
82°F Jul (28°C)
| Annual Average | 60.0°F |
| 11% above US avg |
| January Average | 37°F (3°C) |
| July Average | 82°F (28°C) |
| Sunny Days | 318 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 611 ft (186 m) |
| Area | 1.7 sq mi (4.4 km²) |
| Population Density | 334/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 35.8684°N, 95.5160°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | Wagoner County County |
| Nearest Airport | Muskogee-Davis Regional (MKO) 17 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Wettest Month (May)
5.28"
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 45.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively Low |
| Risk Score | 73.3 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 28.4 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 43.0 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado |
Relatively Moderate |
| Hurricane |
Very Low |
| Earthquake |
Very Low |
| Wildfire |
Relatively Low |
| Flood |
Relatively Low |
| Hail |
Relatively Moderate |
| Strong Wind |
Relatively Low |
| Heat Wave |
Relatively Moderate |
| Winter Weather |
Relatively Moderate |
| Lightning |
Relatively Moderate |
| Ice Storm |
Very High |
| Drought |
Relatively Moderate |
| Cold Wave |
Relatively Moderate |
| Landslide |
Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
1,225 earthquakes (M2.5+) within 150 km since 1990.
Strongest: M5.8. Most recent: M3.2 on May 23, 2025.
| Sep 3, 2016 |
14 km NW of Pawnee, Oklahoma |
M5.8 |
141 km |
| Feb 3, 2024 |
8 km NW of Prague, Oklahoma |
M5.1 |
119 km |
| Apr 16, 2013 |
Oklahoma |
M4.4 |
143 km |
| Jul 14, 2017 |
10 km WSW of Shamrock, Oklahoma |
M4.2 |
105 km |
| Apr 16, 2013 |
3 km WSW of Wellston, Oklahoma |
M4.2 |
144 km |
| Apr 3, 2012 |
8 km SSW of Pittsburg, Oklahoma |
M4.1 |
141 km |
| Feb 27, 2010 |
8 km SE of Sparks, Oklahoma |
M4.1 |
117 km |
| Sep 18, 2015 |
3 km WNW of Cushing, Oklahoma |
M4.1 |
116 km |
| Apr 6, 2023 |
4 km ESE of Carney, Oklahoma |
M4.0 |
131 km |
| Aug 17, 2016 |
2 km SW of Wellston, Oklahoma |
M4.0 |
143 km |
| Sep 25, 2015 |
1 km W of Cushing, Oklahoma |
M4.0 |
115 km |
| Jun 8, 2016 |
13 km NNW of Pawnee, Oklahoma |
M3.9 |
139 km |
| Apr 16, 2012 |
8 km NW of Prague, Oklahoma |
M3.8 |
118 km |
| May 10, 2012 |
9 km WNW of Prague, Oklahoma |
M3.8 |
121 km |
| Jan 9, 2014 |
8 km SSE of Sparks, Oklahoma |
M3.8 |
119 km |
| Sep 16, 2017 |
10 km WSW of Shamrock, Oklahoma |
M3.8 |
105 km |
| Jun 16, 2021 |
3 km SE of Carney, Oklahoma |
M3.7 |
133 km |
| Aug 24, 2021 |
1 km S of Quinton, Oklahoma |
M3.7 |
85 km |
| Aug 18, 2019 |
1 km ENE of Quinton, Oklahoma |
M3.7 |
84 km |
| Apr 10, 2014 |
5 km E of Morrison, Oklahoma |
M3.7 |
137 km |
Source: USGS (M2.5+, 1990–2025)
Tornado History
848 tornadoes (EF0+) within 100 km since 1950.
Strongest: EF4. Total: 62 fatalities, 1,066 injuries.
| Date |
Rating |
Distance |
Fatalities |
| May 6, 2024 |
EF4 |
91 km |
2 |
| Apr 24, 1993 |
EF4 |
42 km |
7 |
| Apr 26, 1991 |
EF4 |
96 km |
1 |
| Apr 26, 1991 |
EF4 |
67 km |
0 |
| Apr 29, 1984 |
EF4 |
89 km |
1 |
| May 26, 1973 |
EF4 |
40 km |
5 |
| Jan 22, 1957 |
EF4 |
92 km |
10 |
| May 25, 2024 |
EF3 |
94 km |
0 |
| May 25, 2024 |
EF3 |
54 km |
2 |
| May 22, 2011 |
EF3 |
88 km |
0 |
| Dec 31, 2010 |
EF3 |
87 km |
4 |
| Mar 12, 2006 |
EF3 |
45 km |
0 |
| Mar 12, 2006 |
EF3 |
88 km |
0 |
| May 29, 2004 |
EF3 |
98 km |
0 |
| Jun 1, 1999 |
EF3 |
27 km |
2 |
| Jun 1, 1999 |
EF3 |
49 km |
0 |
| May 4, 1999 |
EF3 |
93 km |
0 |
| May 26, 1997 |
EF3 |
84 km |
0 |
| Apr 24, 1993 |
EF3 |
40 km |
0 |
| Jul 2, 1992 |
EF3 |
66 km |
0 |
Source: NOAA SPC (EF0+, 1950–2024)
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) within 100 km.
Largest: FREEDOM HILL (57,116 ac, 2012).
| Year |
Name |
Acres |
Distance |
| 2012 |
FREEDOM HILL |
57,116 |
82 km |
| 2018 |
DRUMB |
30,422 |
97 km |
| 2004 |
UNNAMED |
27,091 |
96 km |
| 2021 |
CANDY CREEK |
23,167 |
91 km |
| 2009 |
BURNT TRUST |
22,578 |
88 km |
| 2007 |
UNNAMED |
18,089 |
38 km |
| 1991 |
UNNAMED |
16,700 |
95 km |
| 2004 |
UNNAMED |
14,138 |
66 km |
| 2014 |
UNNAMED |
14,119 |
80 km |
| 2016 |
PHAROAH |
13,579 |
64 km |
| 2004 |
UNNAMED |
12,086 |
38 km |
| 2023 |
NORTH DRUM |
11,618 |
96 km |
| 2023 |
ZINK |
11,332 |
77 km |
| 2017 |
MILSAP |
10,879 |
88 km |
| 2011 |
UNNAMED |
10,205 |
76 km |
| 2016 |
MUSTANG |
10,060 |
100 km |
| 2016 |
MAKER |
9,940 |
79 km |
| 2022 |
FRAZIER |
9,706 |
86 km |
| 1996 |
UNNAMED |
9,481 |
94 km |
| 1996 |
UNNAMED |
9,165 |
86 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN (100+ acres)
Monthly Weather
| Month |
Avg Temperature |
Precipitation |
Summary |
| January |
37°F (3°C) |
1.9 in |
Coldest, Driest |
| February |
42°F (5°C) |
2.2 in |
|
| March |
51°F (10°C) |
3.6 in |
|
| April |
60°F (16°C) |
3.8 in |
|
| May |
68°F (20°C) |
5.3 in |
Wettest |
| June |
77°F (25°C) |
4.7 in |
|
| July |
82°F (28°C) |
2.8 in |
Warmest |
| August |
81°F (27°C) |
2.7 in |
|
| September |
73°F (23°C) |
4.8 in |
|
| October |
62°F (17°C) |
4.1 in |
|
| November |
49°F (10°C) |
3.7 in |
|
| December |
40°F (5°C) |
2.5 in |
|
Porter has a seasonal temperature swing of 45°F / from 37°F in January to 82°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 41.9 inches, with May being the wettest month (5.3") and January the driest (1.9").
Average costs for common services in Porter. Prices are estimated based on regional cost of living data and may vary by provider.
Healthcare
| Doctor Visit (Primary Care) |
$220 ($132–$351) |
| Specialist Visit |
$307 ($176–$483) |
| Urgent Care Visit |
$176 ($88–$307) |
| Emergency Room Visit |
$1,932 ($702–$4,390) |
| Dental Cleaning |
$114 ($66–$176) |
| Dental Filling |
$220 ($132–$351) |
View all 40 services
Auto Repair
| Oil Change (Conventional) |
$40 ($22–$66) |
| Oil Change (Synthetic) |
$66 ($44–$105) |
| Brake Pad Replacement |
$263 ($132–$439) |
| Tire Rotation |
$35 ($18–$66) |
| New Tires (Set of 4) |
$527 ($351–$878) |
| Battery Replacement |
$176 ($88–$307) |
View all 18 services
Home Services
| Plumber (Per Hour) |
$88 ($53–$132) |
| Electrician (Per Hour) |
$79 ($44–$123) |
| HVAC Repair |
$351 ($132–$702) |
| HVAC System Install |
$6,146 ($3,512–$10,536) |
| Roof Repair |
$878 ($351–$1,756) |
| Roof Replacement |
$7,902 ($4,829–$13,170) |
View all 25 services
Legal
| Divorce (Uncontested) |
$1,317 ($439–$3,073) |
| Divorce (Contested) |
$13,170 ($4,390–$26,340) |
| DUI Defense |
$4,390 ($1,756–$8,780) |
| Bankruptcy (Chapter 7) |
$1,317 ($702–$2,634) |
| Will Preparation |
$439 ($176–$878) |
| Trust Preparation |
$2,195 ($878–$4,390) |
View all 12 services
Personal Care
| Men's Haircut |
$22 ($13–$40) |
| Women's Haircut |
$48 ($26–$88) |
| Hair Coloring (Full) |
$132 ($66–$220) |
| Manicure |
$22 ($13–$40) |
| Pedicure |
$35 ($22–$57) |
| Massage (1 Hour) |
$70 ($44–$114) |
View all 12 services
Food & Grocery
| Gallon of Milk (per gallon) |
$3.60 ($2.63–$4.83) |
| Dozen Eggs (per dozen) |
$3.07 ($2.20–$4.39) |
| Loaf of Bread |
$3.34 ($2.20–$4.83) |
| Chicken Breast (per lb) |
$3.95 ($2.63–$5.71) |
| Ground Beef (per lb) |
$4.83 ($3.51–$6.59) |
| Rice (per lb) |
$0.88 ($0.53–$1.58) |
View all 20 services
Utilities
| Electricity (Monthly) |
$123 ($70–$220) |
| Natural Gas (Monthly) |
$61 ($26–$132) |
| Water/Sewer (Monthly) |
$61 ($35–$105) |
| Internet (Monthly) |
$61 ($35–$88) |
| Cell Phone Plan (Monthly) |
$57 ($26–$88) |
| Cable TV (Monthly) |
$75 ($44–$132) |
View all 8 services
Transportation
| Monthly Parking (Downtown) |
$176 ($66–$439) |
| Car Insurance (Annual) |
$1,756 ($1,054–$3,073) |
| Bus Pass (Monthly) |
$61 ($26–$114) |
| Taxi/Uber (5-Mile Ride) |
$13 ($7.02–$22) |
| Car Registration (Annual) |
$88 ($26–$220) |
| Driver's License Renewal |
$26 ($13–$66) |
View all 8 services
Education & Childcare
| Daycare (Infant, Monthly) |
$1,054 ($527–$2,195) |
| Daycare (Toddler, Monthly) |
$878 ($439–$1,756) |
| After-School Care (Monthly) |
$351 ($176–$615) |
| Tutoring (Per Hour) |
$44 ($22–$88) |
| SAT/ACT Prep Course |
$878 ($351–$2,195) |
| Private School (K-12, Annual) |
$10,975 ($4,390–$26,340) |
View all 8 services
Pets
| Vet Visit (Routine Checkup) |
$53 ($26–$88) |
| Dog Vaccination (Annual) |
$88 ($44–$176) |
| Dog Grooming |
$53 ($26–$88) |
| Pet Boarding (Per Night) |
$35 ($18–$66) |
| Dog Spay/Neuter |
$263 ($132–$439) |
| Cat Spay/Neuter |
$176 ($88–$351) |
View all 9 services
Childcare
| Center-Based (monthly) |
| Infant | $952 |
| Toddler | $823 |
| Preschool | $823 |
| Family Childcare (monthly) |
| Infant | $691 |
| Toddler | $635 |
| Preschool | $635 |
Source: DOL Women's Bureau (2022)
Frequently Asked Questions About Porter
What is the population of Porter?
Porter has a population of 571 residents and is located in Oklahoma. The population density is 334 people per square mile, spread across 1.7 square miles. The median age of residents is 38.1 years. The population is 53.6% female and 46.4% male.
Is Porter expensive to live in?
Porter is more affordable than the national average, with a cost of living index of 87.8 / below the baseline of 100. The median household income is $47,000, 37% below the national average of $75,149. The median home value is $92,900 (67% below the U.S. median). Renters pay a median of $750 per month, below the national average of $1,163. The home price-to-income ratio is 2x, indicating housing is reasonably affordable relative to local income levels.
Is Porter safe?
Public safety is a concern in Porter, with a violent crime rate of 909 per 100,000 / significantly above the national average of 380. However, crime tends to concentrate in certain areas, and many neighborhoods remain relatively safe. Property crime occurs at a rate of 4,339 per 100,000 (above the national average). Overall, Porter receives a safety grade of F based on combined crime data.
What is the weather like in Porter?
Porter enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 60°F (16°C). Winter temperatures average 37°F in January, while summers reach an average of 82°F in July. The area receives 318 sunny days per year, well above the national average of 205. Air quality is rated Good with a median Air Quality Index (AQI) of 45.
How is the job market in Porter?
The unemployment rate in Porter is 5.0%, somewhat above the national average of 3.6%. Job seekers may face moderate competition. The average weekly wage is $1,058. There are 1,140 business establishments in the area, including 90 restaurants and food service locations. The average commute time is 27 minutes, and 1.5% of workers work from home.
How much does housing cost in Porter?
The median home value in Porter is $92,900. Zillow estimates the typical home value at $288,056. For renters, the median monthly rent is $750. Fair market rent is $791 for a 1-bedroom and $995 for a 2-bedroom apartment. The homeownership rate is 65.2%. The average annual property tax is $3,521.
How are the schools in Porter?
Schools in Porter score 5.1 out of 10 on standardized testing, near the national average. 8.5% of adults in Porter hold a bachelor's degree or higher, below the national average of 33.7%. 82.8% have completed high school. 2.0% hold a graduate or professional degree.
How healthy is Porter?
The obesity rate in Porter is 37.2% (above the national rate of 32.1%). 18.1% of adults are smokers. 29.8% are physically inactive. 26.5% of residents report depression. 10.4% lack health insurance (above the national rate). 33.6% of residents have access to exercise opportunities. The primary care physician ratio is 1:3,654.
What is transportation like in Porter?
The average commute in Porter is 27 minutes. 86.3% of workers drive alone to work, and 1.5% work from home.
What are the demographics of Porter?
The racial and ethnic makeup of Porter is 63.7% White, 1.2% Black or African American, 28.2% Hispanic or Latino. 93.9% of residents speak only English at home, while 6.1% speak Spanish. 10.7% of the population are military veterans. 28.6% of residents have a disability. 75.2% have health insurance coverage.