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Weather & Climate in Jefferson, NY
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Jefferson has a cool climate with an average annual temperature of 45°F (7°C). Winters average 22°F in January while summers reach 67°F in July. The area gets 246 sunny days per year, above the national average. Annual precipitation totals 48.7 inches (wetter than the 38-inch national average). The area receives 70.6 inches of snow annually, making winter weather a significant factor for residents. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 32. 97% of days have good air quality. The city sits at an elevation of 1,929 feet.
Temperature
22°F Jan (-6°C)
67°F Jul (20°C)
| Annual Average | 45.3°F |
| 16% below US avg | |
| January Average | 22°F (-6°C) |
| July Average | 67°F (20°C) |
| Sunny Days | 246 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 1,929 ft (588 m) |
| Area | 1.1 sq mi (2.8 km²) |
| Population Density | 140/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 42.4782°N, 74.6033°W |
| Timezone | America/New_York |
| County | Schoharie County County |
| Nearest Airport | Albert S Nader Regional (ONH) 24 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 32.0 |
| Rating | Good |
| Good Days % | 97.0% |
| Unhealthy Days | 0 |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Very Low |
| Risk Score | 41.4 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 38.3 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 75.3 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Relatively Low |
| Hurricane | Relatively Low |
| Earthquake | Very Low |
| Wildfire | Very Low |
| Flood | Relatively Low |
| Hail | Very Low |
| Strong Wind | Very Low |
| Heat Wave | Very Low |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Low |
| Lightning | Relatively Low |
| Ice Storm | Relatively Low |
| Drought | No Rating |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Low |
| Landslide | Relatively Low |
| Avalanche | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
18 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M4.0.
| Jun 17, 1991 | 7 km NE of Worcester, New York | M4.0 | 18 km | 5 km |
| Jul 31, 1997 | 0 km WSW of Lyons Falls, New York | M3.2 | 142 km | 5 km |
| Dec 13, 2009 | 15 km N of Medusa, New York | M3.2 | 42 km | 10 km |
| Mar 11, 2020 | 0 km SSW of South Glens Falls, New York | M3.1 | 120 km | 13 km |
| Jul 24, 2007 | 12 km SSW of Altamont, New York | M3.1 | 42 km | 15 km |
| May 18, 2009 | 15 km N of Medusa, New York | M3.1 | 42 km | 9 km |
| Sep 29, 1994 | 13 km WNW of North Creek, New York | M2.9 | 146 km | 16 km |
| Oct 21, 2009 | 15 km N of Medusa, New York | M2.9 | 42 km | 7 km |
| Mar 22, 2009 | 9 km SW of Altamont, New York | M2.8 | 44 km | 16 km |
| Aug 27, 2011 | 5 km WSW of Altamont, New York | M2.8 | 48 km | 22 km |
| Aug 25, 2011 | 5 km WSW of Altamont, New York | M2.7 | 48 km | 18 km |
| Feb 18, 2009 | 15 km N of Medusa, New York | M2.7 | 42 km | 9 km |
| Feb 27, 2008 | 2 km SW of Central Bridge, New York | M2.7 | 31 km | 6 km |
| Feb 20, 2009 | 15 km SSW of Altamont, New York | M2.7 | 43 km | 8 km |
| Aug 22, 2000 | 2 km WSW of Brewster Hill, New York | M2.6 | 143 km | 7 km |
| Jul 24, 2007 | 13 km SSW of Altamont, New York | M2.6 | 42 km | 14 km |
| Dec 13, 2009 | 14 km N of Medusa, New York | M2.6 | 42 km | 10 km |
| Jan 15, 1992 | 5 km NNE of Tuxedo Park, New York | M2.5 | 143 km | 7 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990–2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Hurricane History
2 hurricanes (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980. Strongest on record: Category 2.
| Year | Name | Category | Max Wind | Closest |
| 1991 | Bob | Category 2 | 104 mph | 287 km |
| 1985 | Gloria | Category 1 | 86 mph | 162 km |
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980–2026).
Tornado History
157 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 7 fatalities, 196 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Jul 10, 1989 | EF4 | 40 km | 42.0 mi | 0 |
| Aug 28, 1973 | EF4 | 97 km | 9.8 mi | 4 |
| May 22, 2014 | EF3 | 51 km | 6.8 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 1998 | EF3 | 41 km | 5.0 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 1998 | EF3 | 84 km | 30.5 mi | 0 |
| Jun 16, 1974 | EF3 | 68 km | 49.1 mi | 0 |
| Jun 24, 1960 | EF3 | 69 km | 16.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 22, 2023 | EF2 | 79 km | 10.0 mi | 0 |
| May 29, 2013 | EF2 | 52 km | 12.8 mi | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2011 | EF2 | 96 km | 7.4 mi | 0 |
| Jul 21, 2003 | EF2 | 75 km | 1.3 mi | 0 |
| Jul 21, 2003 | EF2 | 61 km | 1.5 mi | 0 |
| May 18, 2000 | EF2 | 90 km | 0.2 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 1998 | EF2 | 79 km | 8.0 mi | 0 |
| May 31, 1998 | EF2 | 83 km | 1.0 mi | 0 |
| Jul 3, 1997 | EF2 | 98 km | 1.5 mi | 0 |
| May 29, 1995 | EF2 | 74 km | 15.0 mi | 0 |
| Oct 14, 1989 | EF2 | 96 km | 2.0 mi | 2 |
| Oct 1, 1986 | EF2 | 22 km | 0.1 mi | 0 |
| Jul 26, 1986 | EF2 | 98 km | 0.5 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950–2024, US only).
Wildfire History
5 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: ROOSA GAP (2,747 acres, 2015).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 2015 | ROOSA GAP | 2,747 | 95 km |
| 2008 | UNNAMED | 2,224 | 88 km |
| 2016 | SAMS POINT FIRE-VERKEERDER FIRE | 1,929 | 91 km |
| 2006 | CHERRYTOWN FIRE | 943 | 72 km |
| 2024 | WHITEHOUSE | 607 | 65 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 22°F (-6°C) | 2.7 in | |
| February | 21°F (-6°C) | 2.4 in | Coldest, Driest |
| March | 30°F (-1°C) | 3.2 in | |
| April | 41°F (5°C) | 3.5 in | |
| May | 53°F (12°C) | 4.1 in | Wettest |
| June | 61°F (16°C) | 3.9 in | |
| July | 67°F (20°C) | 3.9 in | Warmest |
| August | 64°F (18°C) | 3.7 in | |
| September | 57°F (14°C) | 3.6 in | |
| October | 46°F (8°C) | 3.3 in | |
| November | 36°F (2°C) | 3.7 in | |
| December | 24°F (-4°C) | 3.1 in |
Jefferson has a seasonal temperature swing of 47°F / from 21°F in February to 67°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 41.0 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.1") and February the driest (2.4").