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Weather & Climate in Madison, VA
Temperature, precipitation, air quality, natural hazards, and monthly weather data.
Madison enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 56°F (13°C). Winters average 35°F in January while summers reach 76°F in July. The area gets 293 sunny days per year, well above the U.S. average of 205 / making it one of the sunnier locations in the country. Annual precipitation totals 45.0 inches. The area receives 15.5 inches of snow annually, a moderate snowfall amount. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 41. 89% of days have good air quality. The city sits at an elevation of 613 feet.
Temperature
35°F Jan (1°C)
76°F Jul (25°C)
| Annual Average | 55.6°F |
| 3% above US avg | |
| January Average | 35°F (1°C) |
| July Average | 76°F (25°C) |
| Sunny Days | 293 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 613 ft (187 m) |
| Area | 0.2 sq mi (0.6 km²) |
| Population Density | 1,367/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 38.3794°N, 78.2586°W |
| Timezone | America/New_York |
| County | Madison County County |
| Nearest Airport | Shenandoah Valley Regional (SHD) 35 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 41.0 |
| Rating | Good |
| Good Days % | 89.2% |
| Unhealthy Days | 0 |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Very Low |
| Risk Score | 8.4 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 28.8 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 56.8 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Very Low |
| Hurricane | Relatively Low |
| Earthquake | Very Low |
| Wildfire | Very Low |
| Flood | Very Low |
| Hail | Very Low |
| Strong Wind | Relatively Low |
| Heat Wave | Very Low |
| Winter Weather | Very Low |
| Lightning | Very Low |
| Ice Storm | Very Low |
| Drought | Relatively Low |
| Cold Wave | Very Low |
| Landslide | Very Low |
| Avalanche | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Earthquake History
41 earthquakes (M2.5+) recorded within 150 km since 1990. Strongest on record: M5.8.
| Aug 23, 2011 | 11 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia | M5.8 | 59 km | 6 km |
| Aug 25, 2011 | 8 km SW of Mineral, Virginia | M4.5 | 54 km | 7 km |
| Aug 24, 2011 | 11 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia | M4.2 | 58 km | 0 km |
| Oct 21, 1998 | 13 km S of Dillwyn, Virginia | M3.8 | 108 km | 13 km |
| Mar 15, 1991 | 7 km NNW of Goochland, Virginia | M3.8 | 77 km | 16 km |
| Jul 16, 2010 | 5 km NNW of Barnesville, Maryland | M3.6 | 123 km | 7 km |
| May 5, 2003 | Virginia | M3.6 | 88 km | 13 km |
| Aug 24, 2011 | 16 km NNW of Goochland, Virginia | M3.4 | 67 km | 0 km |
| Sep 1, 2011 | 7 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia | M3.4 | 56 km | 3 km |
| Sep 22, 2001 | 5 km E of Pantops, Virginia | M3.2 | 41 km | 0 km |
| May 22, 2014 | 15 km ENE of Cumberland, Virginia | M3.1 | 96 km | 10 km |
| Jan 30, 2012 | 9 km SSE of Louisa, Virginia | M3.1 | 54 km | 3 km |
| Jan 17, 2016 | 3 km NE of Ranson, West Virginia | M3.0 | 111 km | 5 km |
| Mar 26, 2012 | 13 km S of Louisa, Virginia | M3.0 | 58 km | 9 km |
| Oct 2, 2010 | 10 km NNW of Ashland, Virginia | M3.0 | 87 km | 19 km |
| Oct 12, 2011 | 9 km S of Louisa, Virginia | M3.0 | 55 km | 4 km |
| May 6, 2025 | 8 km S of Dillwyn, Virginia | M3.0 | 104 km | 8 km |
| Apr 21, 1998 | 1 km NNW of Free Union, Virginia | M2.8 | 36 km | 2 km |
| Aug 23, 2011 | 9 km SSW of Mineral, Virginia | M2.8 | 57 km | 0 km |
| Mar 15, 2015 | 6 km SW of Mineral, Virginia | M2.8 | 54 km | 5 km |
Source: USGS Earthquake Catalog (M2.5+, 1990-2025). Sorted by magnitude.
Hurricane History
4 hurricanes (Category 1+) recorded within 500 km since 1980. Strongest on record: Category 1.
| Year | Name | Category | Max Wind | Closest |
| 2011 | Irene | Category 1 | 75 mph | 278 km |
| 2003 | Isabel | Category 1 | 75 mph | 193 km |
| 1999 | Floyd | Category 1 | 81 mph | 259 km |
| 1986 | Charley | Category 1 | 81 mph | 280 km |
Source: NOAA IBTrACS (Category 1+, 1980-2026).
Tornado History
256 tornadoes (EF0+) recorded within 100 km since 1950. Strongest on record: EF4. Total: 21 fatalities, 230 injuries.
| Date | Rating | Distance | Path | Fatalities |
| Apr 28, 2002 | EF4 | 96 km | 38.0 mi | 3 |
| Sep 24, 2001 | EF4 | 32 km | 10.0 mi | 0 |
| Sep 17, 2004 | EF3 | 43 km | 9.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 1, 1998 | EF3 | 79 km | 5.0 mi | 2 |
| Oct 18, 1990 | EF3 | 27 km | 3.5 mi | 0 |
| Jul 25, 1985 | EF3 | 24 km | 0.2 mi | 0 |
| Jan 26, 1978 | EF3 | 85 km | 0.7 mi | 1 |
| Jul 9, 1977 | EF3 | 77 km | 5.9 mi | 0 |
| Mar 21, 1976 | EF3 | 9 km | 5.6 mi | 0 |
| Apr 1, 1973 | EF3 | 93 km | 9.8 mi | 0 |
| Sep 30, 1959 | EF3 | 57 km | 6.5 mi | 0 |
| Sep 30, 1959 | EF3 | 17 km | 2.0 mi | 1 |
| Sep 30, 1959 | EF3 | 48 km | 0.8 mi | 11 |
| Apr 19, 2019 | EF2 | 58 km | 2.0 mi | 0 |
| Apr 28, 2011 | EF2 | 68 km | 33.5 mi | 0 |
| May 8, 2008 | EF2 | 64 km | 3.4 mi | 0 |
| Sep 17, 2004 | EF2 | 78 km | 4.0 mi | 0 |
| Sep 17, 2004 | EF2 | 50 km | 8.0 mi | 0 |
| Sep 17, 2004 | EF2 | 32 km | 7.0 mi | 0 |
| Sep 17, 2004 | EF2 | 13 km | 8.0 mi | 0 |
Source: NOAA Storm Prediction Center (EF0+, 1950-2024, US only).
Wildfire History
20 wildfires (100+ acres) recorded within 100 km. Largest: PINNACLES (24,792 acres, 2000).
| Year | Name | Acres Burned | Distance |
| 2000 | PINNACLES | 24,792 | 24 km |
| 2016 | ROCKY MTN FIRE 2016 | 9,299 | 36 km |
| 2024 | WATERFALL MOUNTAIN | 9,251 | 43 km |
| 2024 | WAITES RUN | 5,496 | 79 km |
| 2021 | UNNAMED | 5,345 | 89 km |
| 2015 | UNNAMED | 5,149 | 89 km |
| 2013 | UNNAMED | 4,687 | 81 km |
| 2002 | FULTZ RUN | 4,638 | 30 km |
| 2008 | ST MARYS | 4,373 | 94 km |
| 1999 | SHOP RUN | 4,261 | 52 km |
| 1986 | BIG RUN | 4,161 | 39 km |
| 2018 | UNNAMED | 4,022 | 80 km |
| 2012 | SHIPWRECK | 3,779 | 38 km |
| 2021 | UNNAMED | 3,667 | 39 km |
| 2014 | CUB RUN RX | 2,868 | 39 km |
| 2011 | VALLEY | 2,514 | 68 km |
| 2019 | UNNAMED | 2,460 | 44 km |
| 2024 | CAPON | 2,302 | 73 km |
| 2012 | NEIGHBOR MTN FIRE | 1,986 | 36 km |
| 2011 | SMITH RUN FIRE | 1,908 | 49 km |
Source: NIFC/IRWIN Wildfire Records (100+ acres).
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 35°F (1°C) | 3.0 in | Coldest |
| February | 37°F (3°C) | 2.8 in | Driest |
| March | 45°F (7°C) | 3.4 in | |
| April | 54°F (12°C) | 3.1 in | |
| May | 63°F (17°C) | 4.1 in | |
| June | 71°F (22°C) | 3.9 in | |
| July | 76°F (25°C) | 4.3 in | Warmest, Wettest |
| August | 74°F (23°C) | 3.8 in | |
| September | 67°F (20°C) | 3.9 in | |
| October | 56°F (13°C) | 3.7 in | |
| November | 46°F (8°C) | 3.5 in | |
| December | 38°F (3°C) | 3.0 in |
Madison has a seasonal temperature swing of 42°F / from 35°F in January to 76°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 42.4 inches, with July being the wettest month (4.3") and February the driest (2.8").