All Countries
Columbia, IL
Full City Profile · Illinois · St. Louis city County
4.0
/5.0
A
Great
11,063
Population
1,049/sq mi density
$107,922
Median Income
$52,647 per capita
$290,100
Home Value
$334,832 Zillow
$1,089
Median Rent
30.2% income on rent
56°F
Avg Temperature
293 sunny days/yr
162
Violent Crime/100K
591 property/100K
A
Overall
4.0 / 5.0
Strong
A+
Economy
5.0 / 5.0
$107,922 median income, 0.7% unemployment
A+
Affordability
5.0 / 5.0
$290,100 home value, $1,089/mo rent
F
Safety
1.0 / 5.0
162 violent crimes/100K
A+
Education
5.0 / 5.0
51.0% bachelor's degree or higher
Columbia enjoys a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 56°F (13°C). Winters average 32°F in January while summers reach 78°F in July. The area gets 293 sunny days per year. Annual precipitation totals 43.6 inches. The area receives 9.2 inches of snow annually. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 43.
Temperature
32°F Jan (-0°C)
78°F Jul (25°C)
| Annual Average | 55.7°F |
| 3% above US avg | |
| January Average | 32°F (-0°C) |
| July Average | 78°F (25°C) |
| Sunny Days | 293 days/yr |
Geography
| Elevation | 464 ft (141 m) |
| Area | 10.6 sq mi (27.3 km²) |
| Population Density | 1,049/sq mi |
| Coordinates | 38.4581°N, 90.2160°W |
| Timezone | America/Chicago |
| County | St. Louis city County |
| Nearest Airport | St Louis Lambert International (STL) 22 miles away |
Precipitation & Snow
Air Quality
| AQI Median | 43.0 |
| Rating | Good |
Air Pollutants (EPA 2023)
| Ozone (O₃) | 0.0419 ppm |
| NO₂ (Nitrogen Dioxide) | 15.1 ppb |
| SO₂ (Sulfur Dioxide) | 1.03 ppb |
| CO (Carbon Monoxide) | 0.28 ppm |
| PM2.5 (Fine Particles) | 10.1 μg/m³ |
Natural Hazard Risk
| Overall Risk | Relatively High |
| Risk Score | 98.7 / 100 |
| Social Vulnerability | 71.9 / 100 |
| Community Resilience | 61.0 / 100 |
Hazard Breakdown
| Tornado | Very High |
| Hurricane | Very Low |
| Earthquake | Relatively High |
| Wildfire | Very Low |
| Flood | Relatively High |
| Hail | Relatively Moderate |
| Strong Wind | Relatively High |
| Heat Wave | Very High |
| Winter Weather | Relatively Moderate |
| Lightning | Relatively High |
| Ice Storm | Relatively High |
| Drought | No Rating |
| Cold Wave | Relatively Moderate |
| Landslide | Very Low |
Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.20 (Dec 2025)
Monthly Weather
| Month | Avg Temperature | Precipitation | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 32°F (-0°C) | 2.1 in | Coldest, Driest |
| February | 35°F (1°C) | 2.3 in | |
| March | 45°F (7°C) | 3.7 in | |
| April | 56°F (13°C) | 3.7 in | |
| May | 65°F (18°C) | 4.1 in | Wettest |
| June | 74°F (23°C) | 3.6 in | |
| July | 78°F (25°C) | 3.7 in | Warmest |
| August | 76°F (25°C) | 3.2 in | |
| September | 69°F (21°C) | 3.4 in | |
| October | 58°F (14°C) | 2.8 in | |
| November | 45°F (7°C) | 3.6 in | |
| December | 34°F (1°C) | 3.2 in |
Columbia has a seasonal temperature swing of 46°F / from 32°F in January to 78°F in July. Total annual precipitation is 39.1 inches, with May being the wettest month (4.1") and January the driest (2.1").