Columbia, KY

Kentucky

Columbia is a small town in Kentucky with a population of 4,842. Residents earn $45,221 per year, which is 40% below the national average.

2.9 /5.0
C+ Fair
4,842 Population 994/sq mi density
$45,221 Median Income $28,077 per capita
$123,500 Home Value $162,320 Zillow
$756 Median Rent
55°F Avg Temperature
66 Violent Crime/100K 1,105 property/100K
C+
Overall
2.9 / 5.0
Fair overall score based on economy, affordability, safety and education
B
Economy
3.2 / 5.0
$45,221 median income, 3.0% unemployment
A+
Affordability
5.0 / 5.0
$123,500 home value, $756/mo rent
F
Safety
1.0 / 5.0
66 violent crimes/100K (83% below avg)
C+
Education
2.6 / 5.0
19.8% bachelor's degree or higher
Median Income $45,221
40% lower than US avg
Home Value $123,500
56% lower than US avg
Violent Crime 66/100K
83% lower than US avg
Bachelor's+ 19.8%
41% lower than US avg
Median Rent $756
35% lower than US avg
Unemployment 3.0%
17% lower than US avg
Poverty Rate 16.4%
32% higher than US avg

How Columbia Compares to the U.S. Average (100% = U.S. avg)

People

Population4,842
Median Age27.9 yrs
Density994/mi²
Male / Female46% / 54%
Largest GroupWhite 86%

Economy

B
Median Income$45,221
Per Capita$28,077
Unemployment3.0%
Poverty16.4%
County GDP$570M
Commute17 min

Housing

A+
Home Value$123,500
Rent$756
OwnershipN/A
Zillow$162,320

Crime

F
Violent66/100K
Property1,105/100K
Murder0.0/100K
Assault44/100K
Burglary420/100K

Health

ObesityN/A
UninsuredN/A

Climate

Avg Temp55°F
AQI41 (Good)
Rain57.0 in/yr
Elevation770 ft

Education

C+
Bachelor's+19.8%
High School+80.6%
School Score5.50

Community

2024 VoteR 85% / D 14%
Commute17 min
EV Stations3
Libraries2

Is Columbia a Good Place to Live?

Based on current data, Columbia receives an overall livability score of 2.9 out of 5.0, earning a grade of C+. Key strengths include low unemployment, low crime rates, affordable housing, high health insurance coverage. Areas to be aware of include an elevated poverty rate, below-average incomes. Columbia has some notable strengths but also faces challenges that prospective residents should consider.

Economy & Jobs

The median household income in Columbia is $45,221, 40% below the national average of $75,149. Unemployment stands at 3.0%, indicating a healthy job market. The poverty rate of 16.4% exceeds the national average of 12.4%, indicating economic hardship for a significant portion of the population. Workers commute an average of 17 minutes, shorter than most U.S. cities.

Cost of Living & Housing

The median home value in Columbia is $123,500, 56% below the national median — offering relatively affordable homeownership. Renters pay a median of $756 per month, below the national average — a plus for affordability. At just 2.7x median income, home prices are very affordable relative to local earnings.

Safety & Crime

Columbia is a very safe community with a violent crime rate of 66 per 100,000 residents — well below the national average of 380. Property crime occurs at a rate of 1,105 per 100,000, 44% below the national average.

Education

19.8% of residents hold a bachelor's degree, below the national average of 33.7%. 80.6% have completed high school. Area schools have an average test score of 5.5/10.

Climate & Weather

Columbia experiences four distinct seasons with an average temperature of 55°F. Winters average 34°F in January while summers reach 75°F in July. Annual precipitation totals 57.0 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 41.

Columbia has a population of 4,842 with a density of 994 people per square mile. The median age is 27.9 years, 28% younger than the national median of 38.9. The city is predominantly White (86.2%), with 1.9% Black.

Population

4,842
Total Population
994
People / sq mi
27.9yrs
Median Age
28% below US avg
4.9mi²
Land Area

Gender Distribution

Male 46.3%
Female 53.7%

Race & Ethnicity

Columbia vs U.S. Average

Language Spoken at Home

English Only95.5%
22% above US avg
Spanish4.5%
66% below US avg

Social Characteristics

Columbia vs U.S. Average

The median household income in Columbia is $45,221, which is 40% below the national average of $75,149. The unemployment rate is 3.0% (below the 3.6% US average). 16.4% of residents live below the poverty line. Workers commute an average of 17 minutes.

Income: Columbia vs U.S.

Commute Mode

Income

Median HH Income$45,221
40% below US avg
Per Capita Income$28,077
Avg Weekly Wage$800
IRS Avg AGI$46,550

Employment & Poverty

Unemployment3.0%
17% below US avg
Poverty Rate16.4%
32% above US avg
Establishments (County)508
County GDP$570M

Business (County)

Restaurants24
Healthcare43
Retail61
Manufacturing17

Tax & Cost of Living

Property Tax (IRS)$2,593
26% below US avg
Effective Tax Rate2.10%

Commute & Transportation

Commute Time16.9 min
Work from Home16.8%

Walkability

The median home value in Columbia is $123,500, 56% below the national average. Monthly rent averages $756 (35% below US avg). Zillow estimates the typical home value at $162,320.

Home Value Sources

Ownership Split

Home Values

Census Median$123,500
56% below US avg
Zillow ZHVI$162,320

Real Estate Market (Redfin)

Rental Costs

Census Median Rent$756
35% below US avg

HUD Fair Market Rent

Studio$719
1 Bedroom$794
2 Bedrooms$984
3 Bedrooms$1,277
4 Bedrooms$1,442

Ownership & Property

Owner-Occupied43.7%

Property Tax

Avg Tax (IRS)$2,593
26% below US avg
Effective Rate2.10%

Health Metrics: Columbia vs U.S. Average (%)

Chronic Conditions

Behaviors & Mental Health

Healthcare Access

Insurance Rate94.2%
Premature Death13,989/100K

Food & Exercise

Food Environment7.2/10
Exercise Access42.5%
Healthcare Facilities43
Columbia has a violent crime rate of 66 per 100,000 residents, 83% below the national average of 380. Property crime stands at 1,105 per 100,000 (44% below US avg). The murder rate is 0.0 per 100,000.

Crime Rates: Columbia vs U.S. Average (per 100,000)

Violent Crime

Total Violent66.3/100K
83% below US avg
Murder0.0/100K
100% below US avg
Rape22.1/100K
Robbery0.0/100K
Assault44.2/100K

Property Crime

Total Property1,104.7/100K
44% below US avg
Burglary419.8/100K
Theft640.7/100K
Vehicle Theft44.2/100K
Arson0.0/100K

Traffic Safety

Fatal Crashes (County/yr)3
FEMA Disasters91

Safety Score

Safety GradeF
Safety Score1.0 / 5.0
Columbia has an average annual temperature of 55°F (13°C). Winters average 34°F in January while summers reach 75°F in July. Annual precipitation is 57.0 inches. Air quality is rated Good with a median AQI of 41.

Temperature

34°F Jan (1°C) 75°F Jul (24°C)
Annual Average55.4°F
3% above US avg
January Average34°F (1°C)
July Average75°F (24°C)

Precipitation & Snow

Annual Rainfall57.0 inches
50% above US avg
Snowfall4.9 inches/yr

Air Quality

AQI Median41.0
RatingGood

Geography

Elevation770 ft (235 m)
Area4.9 sq mi (12.6 km²)
Population Density994/sq mi
Coordinates37.1034°N, 85.3075°W
County FIPS21001
It is classified as Nonmetro — Urban 2.5K–20K. 19.8% of residents hold a bachelor's degree or higher (41% below US avg). In the 2024 election, the county voted Republican by a 71.2-point margin.

2024 Presidential Election (County)

R 85.2%
D 14%

Winner: Republican by 71.2 points

Education

Bachelor's Degree+19.8%
41% below US avg
High School+80.6%
School Test Score5.50
C+ Education Grade (2.6/5.0)

Urban-Rural Classification

RUCC Code 7Nonmetro — Urban 2.5K–20K
Population Density994/sq mi
Total Area4.9 sq mi

Infrastructure & Services

EV Charging Stations3
Alt Fuel Stations3
Public Libraries2
Healthcare Facilities43
Restaurants24
Retail Stores61

Safety & Disasters

Fatal Crashes (County/yr)3
FEMA Disaster Declarations91
F Safety Grade (1.0/5.0)

Commute & Transportation

Avg Commute16.9 min
Work from Home16.8%

Nearby Cities

Compare Columbia with another city: